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WSET D3 > Loire > Flashcards

Loire Flashcards

1
Q

Which Loire region is closest to the Atlantic Ocean?

A

Pays Nantais

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2
Q

Principal variety of Pays Nantais

A

Melon de Bourgogne

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3
Q

Climate of Pays Nantais

A

Cool maritime With cool springs and warm/ humid summers - threat of rain at any time but especially during flowering in spring and harvest in fall

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4
Q

Wet weather in Pays Nantais is offset by what

A

Well drained soils

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5
Q

Despite proximity to Atlantic, what is a major hazard in Pays Nantais and how are growers mitigating?

A

Spring frost - wind machines, heaters, burning straw bales

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6
Q

Melon in Pays Nantais features and hazards

A

Feature:
Hardy
Ripens early - reducing harvest rain threat
Can produce high yields
Hazard:
Early budding
Tight bunches susceptible to rot - spray $

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7
Q

Vineyard mgmt in Pays Nantais

A

Open canopy
Sprays
Leaf removal but careful to not to expose to sunburn

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8
Q

Muscadet fermentation

A

Large, shallow, underground glass lined concrete or stainless steel
Keep wine neutral to age on lees

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9
Q

Sur lie aging does what to wine?

A

Fills out body
Adds texture
Retains freshness
Retains small amount of CO2

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10
Q

AOCs in Pays Nantais

A

Muscadet Sevre et Maine
Muscadet
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire
Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu

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11
Q

Sur lie on a label means what and does what?

A

9 mos to a year on lees
Later bottling adds cost
Negociants can only by grapes, must, or bottled wine and not wine to be aged sur lie

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12
Q

Cru communaux in Muscadet are defined by what and noted how?

A

Specific bedrock soil
Name appendage- Clisson, Gorges, Le Pallet
Lower max yields
Longer lees aging

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13
Q

What % of sales are Negoviants in Pays Nantais

A

Over half

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14
Q

Top varieties in Anjou Saumur

A

Cab franc
Chenin
Grolleau noir
Cab sauv
Chard

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15
Q

Top varieties in Touraine

A

Cab Franc
Chenin Blanc
Sauvignon Blanc
Gamay
Cot
Chard

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16
Q

Anjou Saumur climate

A

Maritime influenced continental

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17
Q

Touraine climate

A

Continental with some Atlantic influence

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18
Q

What river contributes to misty conditions in Anjou, perfect for Botrytis?

A

Layon

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19
Q

What rootstock is needed in Anjou Saumur and Touraine and why?

A

High lime content in soil = chlorosis
Fercal or Riparia Gloire de Montpellier

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20
Q

Chenin Blanc hazards and features

A

Feature:
Botrytis for sweet
Hazards:
Buds early - spring frost
Mildew/ botrytis bunch rot
Late ripening - fall rain
Ripens unevenly - needs passes $ limits machine harvest

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21
Q

Cab franc hazards and features

A

Feature:
Winter hardy
Mid ripening - harvest before rains
Hazard:
Early budding- spring frost
Coulure- reduced yields
Needs full ripening to not taste green - canopy mgmt/ site selection

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22
Q

Grolleau Noir

A

Mid ripening
Early budding
Rose d’Anjou and Rose de Loire

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23
Q

Cab sauv performs better in Anjou Saumur or Touraine?

A

Anjou Saumur in its warmest sites
Rose and cab franc blends

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24
Q

Anjou Blanc AOC

A

Min 80% chenin

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25
Anjou Rouge AOC
Min 70% CF and CS
26
Higher quality reds from Anjou AOC made in designated areas can be labeled as _______ and are what varietals?
Anjou Villages AOC CF and/or CS
27
Coteaux du Layon specializes in what?
Sweet chenin either botrytized or vine dried
28
Two high quality appellations within Coteaux du Layon
Bonnezeaux Quarts de Chaume - first grand cru
29
Savennieres specializes in what?
Dry chenin
30
What topography gives Savennieres its concentration and ripeness?
South facing slopes Low fertility, rocky schist soils Low yields
31
Rose appellations in Anjou Saumur and their varieties and style
Rose de Loire - CF, CS, Gamay, Grolleau Noir - dry Rose d’Anjou - Grolleau (predominantly), CF, CS, Cot, Gamay - med dry Cabernet d’Anjou - CF and CS - deep color - med dry
32
Saumur Blanc AOC
Chenin
33
Saumur Rouge AOC
CF predominantly
34
Coteaux de Saumur AOC
Sweet Chenin - over ripe or botrytized
35
Saumur Champigny AOC
Min 85% CF Some light intensity Popular in bistros
36
Touraine Blanc AOC
Sauvignon Blanc
37
Touraine Rouge AOC
CF and Cot
38
Vouvray AOC
95% Chenin Slopes over Loire - River moderates Flint soils - good drainage Dry, Demi sec, doux (rare)
39
Montlouis sur Loire
Across river from Vouvray Similar style
40
Bourgueil AOC
Red some rose Min 90% CF some CS
41
Saint Nicolas de Bourgueil
CF in lighter style than Bourgueil
42
Chinon AOC
Most regarded for red Whites from Chenin Reds min 90% CF some CS Range in style from light and fruity to structured Structured examples come from clay/limestone - lighter on sand/gravel
43
Which produces more wine Anjou Saumur or Touraine
Anjou Saumur
44
Which produces more rose Anjou or Touraine
Anjou
45
Which produces more still wine Anjou or Touraine?
Touraine
46
The Central vineyards are located where?
Loire Valley, furthest east
47
Climate of central vineyards
Continental clinate
48
Principal grapes of Central vineyards
Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir
49
Weather hazards in Central Vineyards
Spring frost Summer hail High rainfall for continental climate - fungus
50
Sauvignon Blanc in Central Vineyards hazards and features
Features: Late budding- misses frost Early ripening- misses fall rain Vigorous- poor soils Hazards: Vigorous- canopy mgmt Prone to powdery mildew and botrytis bunch rot 80% of CVs plantings
51
Fermentation temps for SB in Central vineyards relative to new world
Warmer for more restrained fruit expression Upper part of cool lowest part of mid
52
Sancerre AOC
Mostly SB some PN red and rose
53
Frost moderations in Sancerre
Hillside slopes Proximity to river
54
Soils of Sancerre and their styles
Caillottes- shallow soils over limestone- aromatic less able to age Terres blanches- Kimmeridgian- slow ripening- some of the most famous vineyards- needs maturation Silex- flinty, accumulate heat, early ripening- stony/smoky aromas
55
Pouilly Fume
SB only Flatter land than Sancerre - more frost risk Same soils Rounder and less aromatic than Sancerre
56
Reuilly red/white/rose
Red PN White SB Rose PG/PN
57
Quincy
White only SB min 90% Sauv gris
58
Menetou Salon
Similar to Sancerre South facing slopes- frost risk
59
Negociants sell what % of wine in Loire?
50% - top 10 negociants sell 82%
60
Loire route to market
Hospitality Supermarkets Exports 20% - Sancerre dominates

WSET D3 (33 decks)

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