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NCERT Kro, NEET Podho > Living World NCERT > Flashcards

Living World NCERT Flashcards

1
Q

_____ was Harvard University ________ biologist who called as ‘The Darwin of the 20th
century’, was one of the 100 greatest
scientists of all time.

A

Ernst Mayr; evolutionary

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2
Q

Ernst Mayr was born at ________, (Germany/England).

A

Kempton, Germany

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3
Q

Ernst Mayr assumed the title of

A

He assumed the title of “Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Emeritus”.

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4
Q

Ernst Mayr is known for

A

Mayr is awarded as the triple crown of biology:
1) Balzan Prize in 1983,
2) International Prize for Biology in 1994,
3) Crafoord Prize in 1999

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5
Q

What is the purpose of life?

A

This has a philosophical answer. As scientists, we will try to reflect on – what is living?

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6
Q

The twin characteristics of growth are increase in ______ and increase in ______.

A

mass; number of individuals

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7
Q

Cell division occurs in which _______ (plant/animal) up to which age.

A

Occurs in both 1. Plants - throughout their lifespan
2. Animals (unicellular/multicellular) - up to a certain age

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8
Q

____ occurs in certain tissues to replace lost cells.

A

Cell division

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9
Q

We can easily observe unicellular organisms’ growth in which culture?

A

In-vitro culture

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10
Q

In majority of higher animals and plants, _____ and ____ are mutually exclusive events.

A

growth; reproduction

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11
Q

Three examples of non-living things which exhibit growth by accumulation of material on the surface are

A

Mountains,boulders and sand mounds

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12
Q

Living organisms grow ____ (intrinsically/extrinsically)

A

Intrinsically

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13
Q

Dead organism also grows. (T/F)

A

False,
Dead organisms does not grow.

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14
Q

Growth is a defining property of living organism.
(T/F)

A

False

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15
Q

Growth and Reproduction are characteristic of all living organism.
(T/F)

A

True

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16
Q

____ and ____ refers to Sexual reproduction.

A

Invariably; Implicitly

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17
Q

Fungi produce millions of ________ to multiply and spread easily.

A

asexual spores

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18
Q

What type of asexual reproduction occurs in yeast and hydra?

A

budding

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19
Q

Which organism shows true regeneration?

A

Planaria (flatworms)

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20
Q

Name three organisms which easily multiply by fragmentation

A

The fungi, the filamentous algae, and the protonema of mosses

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21
Q

In which organisms reproduction is synonymous with growth, i.e. increase in number of cells?

A

In unicellular organisms like bacteria, unicellular algae or Amoeba

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22
Q

We are not very clear about the usage of 2 terms in unicellular organisms:-

A

Growth and reproduction

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23
Q

Name three living organisms which do not reproduce.

A

Mules, sterile worker bees and infertile human couples

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24
Q

Reproduction is all-inclusive defining characteristics of living organisms.
(T/F)

A

False

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25
Q

Non-living objects are capable of reproduction or replicating by itself.
(T/F)

A

False,

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26
Q

All the living organisms are made up of ____ which belongs to of various classes, sizes, functions, etc.

A

Chemicals

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27
Q

____ are constantly made and changed into some other biomolecules in all living organism.

A

Chemicals

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28
Q

There are thousands of ____ reactions occurring simultaneously inside all living organisms.

A

Chemical/metabolic reactions

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29
Q

Who exhibit metabolism?

A

All plants, animals, fungi and microbes exhibit metabolism.

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30
Q

Sun total of all the chemical reaction occurring in our body is ____

A

Metabolism

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31
Q

Non-living object exhibits metabolism
(T/F)

A

False

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32
Q

Metabolic reactions can be demonstrated outside the body in ____ systems.

A

Cell-free systems

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33
Q

Isolated metabolic reactions outside the body, in a test tube is living or non-living?

A

Neither living nor non-living

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34
Q

Which reactions are not living things but surely living reactions?

A

Isolated metabolic reaction in-vitro

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35
Q

Metabolism is a defining feature of all living organisms ____ (with/without) exception.

A

Without any exception

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36
Q

Cellular organization of body is not a defining feature of life forms.
(T/F)

A

False

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37
Q

Most complicated feature of all living organism is ability to ______

A

sense their environment and respond to it through sense organ

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38
Q

Plant responds to external factors like _____

A

Like light, water, temperature, other organism, pollutants, etc.

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39
Q

Which process affects reproduction in seasonal breeders, both plants and animals?

A

Photoperiod

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40
Q

What is the range of the number of species that are known and described?

A

1.7 to 1.8 million

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41
Q

The number and types of organisms present on earth refers to

A

Biodiversity

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42
Q

What is the process of standardizing the naming of living organisms such that a particular organism is known by the same name all over the world called?

A

Nomenclature

43
Q

Nomenclature or naming is only possible when the organism is described correctly and we know to what organism the name is attached. This is _____.

A

Identification

44
Q

The scientific names of plants are based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in _________________________

A

International Code for Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN)

45
Q

The scientific names of animals are based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in ______________________

A

International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)

46
Q

Scientific name has two components, namely -

A

The generic name and The specific epithet

47
Q

The system of providing a name with two components is called

A

Binomial nomenclature

48
Q

Binomial nomenclature naming system was given by

A

Carolus Linnaeus

49
Q

The scientific name of mango is

A

Mangifera indica

50
Q

In the scientific name of mango, Mangifera and indica represents ___ and ___ respectively.

A

Genus & specific epithet

51
Q

Mangifera indica was first described by

A

Linnaeus

52
Q

The process by which anything is grouped into convenient categories based on some easily observable characters is called

A

classification

53
Q

The process of classifying all living organisms into different taxa is called

A

taxonomy

54
Q

External and internal structure, along with the structure of cell, development process, and ecological information of organisms, are essential and form the basis of ______________

A

Modern taxonomic studies

55
Q

The branch of study of knowing more about different kinds of organisms and their diversities, but also the relationships among them was referred to as

A

systematics

56
Q

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word-

A

Systema

57
Q

What is the title of the publication of Linnaeus?

A

Systema Naturae

58
Q

The category which is a part of overall taxonomic arrangement, it is called

A

Taxonomic category

59
Q

All taxonomic categories together constitute the _______________

A

Taxonomic hierarchy

60
Q

Each category represents a rank and is commonly termed as

A

Taxon

61
Q

Each ____ is the unit of classification.

A

Category/Rank/taxon

62
Q

Taxonomic studies consider a group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities as a __________

A

species

63
Q

One should be able to distinguish one species from the other closely related species based on the ______________________

A

distinct morphological differences

64
Q

The scientific name of potato is

A

Solanum tuberosum

65
Q

The scientific name of lion is

A

Panthera leo

66
Q

Solanum includes species like

A

nigrum and melongena

67
Q

The scientific name of human being is

A

Homo sapiens

68
Q

A group of related species which has more characters in common in comparison to species of other genera-

A

Genus

69
Q

Potato and brinjal both belong to the genus

A

Solanum

70
Q

The scientific name of leopard is

A

Panthera pardus

71
Q

The scientific name of tiger is

A

Panthera tigris

72
Q

Genus which includes cats is

A

Felis

73
Q

A group of related genera with less number of similarities as compared to genus and species-

A

Family

74
Q

Three different genera Solanum, Petunia and Datura are placed in the family-

A

Solanaceae

75
Q

Genus Panthera is put along with genus Felis (cats) in the family-

A

Felidae

76
Q

A dog is placed in the family called

A

Canidae

77
Q

A category which is the assemblage of families and exhibit a few similar characters is

A

Order

78
Q

Plant families like Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae are included in the order

A

Polymoniales

79
Q

Animal families like Felidae, Canidae are included in the order

A

Carnivora

80
Q

Order of monkey, gorilla and gibbon -

A

Primata

81
Q

Order Primata along with order Carnivora is placed under class -

A

Mammalia

82
Q

In case of animals, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called

A

Phylum

83
Q

In case of plants, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called

A

Division

84
Q

All animals belonging to various phyla are assigned to the highest category called

A

Kingdom Animalia

85
Q

The scientific name of Housefly is

A

Musca domestica

86
Q

The scientific name of Wheat is

A

Triticum aestivum

87
Q

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum of man-

A

Homo, Hominidae, Primata, Mammalia,Chordata

88
Q

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Division of Mango-

A

Mangifera, Anacardiaceae, Sapindales, Dicotyledonae, Angiospermae

89
Q

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum of Housefly -

A

Musca, Muscidae, Diptera, Insecta, Arthropoda

90
Q

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Division of Wheat -

A

Triticum, Poaceae, Poales, Monocotyledonae, Angiospermae

91
Q

A store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets called

A

Herbarium

92
Q

Which sheet carries a label providing information about date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, family, collector’s name, etc?

A

herbarium sheets

93
Q

What serve as quick referral systems in taxonomical studies?

A

Herbaria

94
Q

Name three places where the famous botanical gardens are present-

A

Kew (England), Indian Botanical Garden, Howrah (India) and at National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow (India)-

95
Q

The place which have collections of preserved plant and animal specimens for study and reference -

A

Museums

96
Q

The places where wild animals are kept in protected environments under human care and which enable us to learn about their food habits and behavior -

A

Zoological Parks

97
Q

Name the taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on the similarities and dissimilarities -

A

Key

98
Q

The keys are based on the contrasting characters generally in a pair called

A

Couplet

99
Q

Each statement in the key is called

A

Lead

100
Q

What provide the index to the plant species found in a particular area?

A

Flora

101
Q

What is useful in providing information for identification of names of species found in an area?

A

Manuals

102
Q

____________ contain information on any one taxon.

A

Monographs

103
Q

Sequence from Species to kingdom is:-

A

Kingdom
Phylum
Division
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

NCERT Kro, NEET Podho (38 decks)

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