Breathing and Exchange of Gases NCERT Flashcards
CO2 is harmful and released during ______ reactions.
catabolic reactions
The process of exchange of O2 from atmosphere with CO2 produced by the cells is called ______.
breathing
Breathing, commonly known as
Respiration
Mechanisms of breathing depend upon-
habitats and levels of organization
_______ exchange O2 with CO2 by simple diffusion over their entire body surface.
Lower invertebrates like sponges, coelenterates, flatworms, etc.
Earthworm breathe by ________
Moist cuticle
Insects have a network of tubes called _______.
Tracheal tubes
The mode of respiration through gills is known as
Branchial respiration
______ structures called Gills.
Gills are used by:
Special vascularised;
Aquatic arthropods, molluscs, and fishes
Vascularised bags called ______ are used by the terrestrial forms for the exchange of gases.
lungs
Among vertebrates:
_______ use gills
_______ use lungs
fishes;
reptiles, birds, and mammals
Amphibians like frogs respire through lungs and ___________
Moist skin
Mammals have a ______ respiratory system.
well-developed
Nasal chamber opens into a common passage for food and air called.
Pharynx
Pharynx opens through ________ into _________
Larynx into Trachea
The cartilaginous box helping in production of sound is
Larynx
Larynx is called.
sound box
During swallowing, glottis can be covered by a thin elastic cartilaginous flap called.
Epiglottis
Epiglottis prevents the entry of food into _______
Larynx
Trachea is a straight tube extending up to _______
mid-thoracic cavity
Trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi at the level of _____ thoracic vertebrae.
5th thoracic vertebra
Bronchi further undergo repeated sub-divisions and end up in very thin __________
Terminal bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles give rise to?
Alveoli
Originating from terminal bronchioles are very thin, irregular-walled and vascularised bag like structures called
Alveoli
