Biological Classification NCERT

Question 1

______ was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification.

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

Aristotle used simple morphological characters
to classify plants into-

Answer 2

I. Trees
II. Shrubs
III. Herbs

Question 3

Aristotle also divided animals into two groups-

Answer 3

I. Animals having red blood
II. Animals have no red blood

Question 4

Name of two Kingdoms that were developed during Linnaeus’ time

Answer 4

Plantae and Animalia

Question 5

In ______ year, ______ proposed the five-kingdom Classification system.

Answer 5

1969; R-H- Whittaker

Question 6

Name of kingdoms defined by Whittaker-

Answer 6

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia

Question 7

Criteria used by Whittaker for classification were:

Answer 7

cell structure
body organization
mode of nutrition
reproduction
phylogenetic relationships

Question 8

Earlier, Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra were placed together under _______

Answer 8

Algae

Question 9

Kingdom Protista has:
_____ and _____ (earlier placed in Algae within Plants and both having cell wall)

_____ and _____ (which were earlier placed
in the animal kingdom which lacking cell wall).

Answer 9

Having Cell wall - Chlamydomonas and Chlorella,

Lacking Cell wall - Paramoecium and Amoeba

Question 10

Sole members of Kingdom Monera are

Answer 10

Bacteria

Question 11

Most abundant micro-organisms are

Answer 11

Bacteria

Question 12

Spherical-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

Answer 12

Coccus

Question 13

Rod-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

Answer 13

Bacillus

Question 14

Comma-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

Answer 14

Vibrium (pl.: vibrio)

Question 15

Spiral -shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

Answer 15

Spirillum

Question 16

Compared to many other organisms, which group shows the most extensive metabolic diversity?

Answer 16

Bacteria

Question 17

Archaebacteria that live in salty areas are known as

Answer 17

halophiles

Question 18

Archaebacteria that live in hot springs are known as

Answer 18

thermoacidophiles

Question 19

Archaebacteria that live in marshy areas are known as

Answer 19

methanogens

Question 20

Methanogens are responsible for the production of which gas?

Answer 20

Methane (biogas)

Question 21

The eubacteria are also referred to as blue-green algae.

Answer 21

Cyanobacteria

Question 22

Which chlorophyll pigment is present in cyanobacteria for photosynthesis

Answer 22

Chlorophyll a

Question 23

Some of blue-green algae can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called

Answer 23

Heterocysts

Question 24

The colonies of cyanobacteria are generally surrounded by

Answer 24

gelatinous/mucilaginous sheath

Question 25

Examples of blue-green algae that can fix atmospheric nitrogen

Answer 25

Nostoc and Anabaena

Question 26

Bacteria that oxidize various inorganic substances such as nitrates, nitrites, and ammonia

Answer 26

Chemosynthetic autotrophic

Question 27

Bacteria play a great role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, iron, and sulphur is:

Answer 27

Chemosynthetic autotrophic

Question 28

The bacteria that are used in making curd from milk, production of antibiotics, and fixing nitrogen in legume roots are called

Answer 28

Heterotrophic bacteria

Question 29

Cholera, typhoid, tetanus, and citrus canker are well-known diseases caused by

Answer 29

Bacteria

Question 30

Bacteria reproduce mainly by

Answer 30

fission

Question 31

Under unfavorable conditions, bacteria produce-

Answer 31

spores

Question 32

Bacteria that completely lack a cell wall is

Answer 32

Mycoplasma

Question 33

Smallest living cells known and can survive without oxygen is

Answer 33

Mycoplasma