Biological Classification NCERT Flashcards

1
Q

______ was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification.

A

Aristotle

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2
Q

Aristotle used simple morphological characters
to classify plants into-

A

I. Trees
II. Shrubs
III. Herbs

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3
Q

Aristotle also divided animals into two groups-

A

I. Animals having red blood
II. Animals have no red blood

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4
Q

Name of two Kingdoms that were developed during Linnaeus’ time

A

Plantae and Animalia

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5
Q

In ______ year, ______ proposed the five-kingdom Classification system.

A

1969; R-H- Whittaker

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6
Q

Name of kingdoms defined by Whittaker-

A

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia

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7
Q

Criteria used by Whittaker for classification were:

A

cell structure
body organization
mode of nutrition
reproduction
phylogenetic relationships

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8
Q

Earlier, Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra were placed together under _______

A

Algae

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9
Q

Kingdom Protista has:
_____ and _____ (earlier placed in Algae within Plants and both having cell wall)

_____ and _____ (which were earlier placed
in the animal kingdom which lacking cell wall).

A

Having Cell wall - Chlamydomonas and Chlorella,

Lacking Cell wall - Paramoecium and Amoeba

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10
Q

Sole members of Kingdom Monera are

A

Bacteria

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11
Q

Most abundant micro-organisms are

A

Bacteria

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12
Q

Spherical-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

A

Coccus

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13
Q

Rod-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

A

Bacillus

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14
Q

Comma-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

A

Vibrium (pl.: vibrio)

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15
Q

Spiral -shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

A

Spirillum

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16
Q

Compared to many other organisms, which group shows the most extensive metabolic diversity?

A

Bacteria

17
Q

Archaebacteria that live in salty areas are known as

A

halophiles

18
Q

Archaebacteria that live in hot springs are known as

A

thermoacidophiles

19
Q

Archaebacteria that live in marshy areas are known as

A

methanogens

20
Q

Methanogens are responsible for the production of which gas?

A

Methane (biogas)

21
Q

The eubacteria are also referred to as blue-green algae.

A

Cyanobacteria

22
Q

Which chlorophyll pigment is present in cyanobacteria for photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll a

23
Q

Some of blue-green algae can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called

A

Heterocysts

24
Q

The colonies of cyanobacteria are generally surrounded by

A

gelatinous/mucilaginous sheath

25
Q

Examples of blue-green algae that can fix atmospheric nitrogen

A

Nostoc and Anabaena

26
Q

Bacteria that oxidize various inorganic substances such as nitrates, nitrites, and ammonia

A

Chemosynthetic autotrophic

27
Q

Bacteria play a great role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, iron, and sulphur is:

A

Chemosynthetic autotrophic

28
Q

The bacteria that are used in making curd from milk, production of antibiotics, and fixing nitrogen in legume roots are called

A

Heterotrophic bacteria

29
Q

Cholera, typhoid, tetanus, and citrus canker are well-known diseases caused by

A

Bacteria

30
Q

Bacteria reproduce mainly by

A

fission

31
Q

Under unfavorable conditions, bacteria produce-

A

spores

32
Q

Bacteria that completely lack a cell wall is

A

Mycoplasma

33
Q

Smallest living cells known and can survive without oxygen is

A

Mycoplasma