Liver Flashcards
which part of the liver contains the renal impression of the right kidney?
Caudate lobe <-> caudate process
what liver lobes in the dog and the pig?
Dog & cat: (4 lobes)
- Left (medial/lateral lobes)
- Right (medial/lateral lobes)
- Quadrate lobe (between right & left lobes)
- Caudate lobe
- Papillary process (NOT present in pig)
- Caudate process: most caudal region of the liver
- Has renal impression (NOT present in pig)
Pig:
- Left lobe (medial/lateral)
- Quadrate lobe
- Right lobe (medial/lateral)
- Caudate lobe
- caudate process
- NO papillary process
which cell is the functional cell of the liver?
Hepatocytes
what are the structures found in the portal triad?
- Branch of the Portal vein
- Branch of the Hepatic artery
- Bile ductule
- Often find a lymphatic as well
what kind of epithelium is found in the bile ductule?
Simple cuboidal (smaller ducts) epithelium to stratified columnar (larger ducts)
which branch of the abdominal aorta supplies the liver and pancreas?
celiac artery
what is the differences between portal circulation and caval circulation?
Portal circulation:
Arteries -> capillaries -> veins -> portal vein -> hepatic sinusoids -> vena cava -> heart
Caval circulation:
Arteries -> capillaries -> veins -> vena cava -> heart
which veins supply blood to the portal vein?
Hepatic portal system
which cells make bile?
hepatocytes
what is the path of bile flow from canaliculi to gall bladder (periphery to center or center to periphery?)
Travel from the center to the periphery of the lobular opposite the direction of blood flow, where they join to form interlobular ducts
which species of animal does not have a gall bladder?
horses & rats
function of bile
- Liquid secretion of the liver cells into the duct system of
the liver - Important for the digestion of fat and lipids
Bile canaliculi
- small tubes which collect bile from the hepatocytes
- surround the hepatocytes
- from the center to the periphery of the lobular opposite the
direction of blood flow, where they join to form interlobular
ducts
relationship between the common hepatic duct, the cystic duct, the common bile duct, and the pancreatic duct?
Cystic duct:
- Connects the gall bladder with the hepatic ducts
- Together, these make the bile duct
- Allows bile to enter for storage
- Allows bile to be discharged for digestion
Common bile duct:
- duct formed by the junction of the hepatic ducts and the
cystic duct
- Travels in the lesser omentum to enter the duodenum
- Joined by the pancreatic duct and both open on the major
duodenal papilla
Hepatic duct:
- 3-5 ducts that leave the porta to join with the cystic duct
Pancreatic duct:
- A duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct
difference between the exocrine and endocrine pancreas (form and function)
Exocrine pancreas:
- secreted into a duct system to the small intestine
Endocrine pancreas:
- enter blood directly
functional cell of the exocrine pancreas
Acinar cells:
- arranged into blind-ended acini
- Cells have a basophilic basal region and an eosinophilic
apical region
- basic secretory unit of the pancreas
zymogen
precursor forms of digestive enzymes
- Stored in vesicles derived from the Golgi apparatus
- Held until there is a signal to release them via exocytosis
Where does the pancreatic duct join the intestinal tract?
The tube opening with the bile duct on the major duodenal papilla -> duodenum
Hepatocytes
- “bricks” which make up the hepatic cord’s “wall”
- Synthesizes proteins and lipids for export
- also store lipid and glycogen
Kupffer cells
- Phagocytic
- Ingest particulate matter that passes through the
sinusoids (especial bacterial and old red blood cells) - Present in space of disse
Canaliculi
small tubes that receive bile from hepatocytes
Space of disse
- perisinusoidal space
- space between a hepatocyte and a sinusoid
- Exchange between hepatocytes and blood flow takes
place - Contains Ito cells (fat storage cells), aka stellate cell
- Collects lymph for delivery to lymphatic capillaries
