Anatomy of cell

Question 1

what are all the directional terms?

hint: 12 terms

Answer 1

• median plane
• sagittal plane
• transverse plane
• dorsal & ventral plane
• cranial & caudal
• palmer & plantar
• rostral
• medial & lateral

Question 2

what are the 3 primary parts of the animal cell?

Answer 2

plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

Question 3

what is the plasma membrane?

Answer 3

separates the cell contents from the surrounding environment

Question 4

what is the nuclear membrane?

Answer 4

• double membrane
• outer-membrane is continuous to the ER
• outer-membrane embedded into ribosomes
• lumen is continuous of the lumen in ER

Question 5

what is the structure of the microvilli?

Answer 5

• modified plasma membrane to increase surface
• finger-like projections
• contains cytoplasm; has core of actin

Question 6

sterocilia?

Answer 6

• composed of actin
• bound together by fibrin
• longer than microvilli
• NOT motile

Question 7

what is cilia?

Answer 7

• motile
• lines the trachea, oviduct
• composed of microtubules

Question 8

3 structures that compromise the nucleus?

Answer 8

1. nuclear membrane
2. nucleoli
3. chromatin

Question 9

which organelle is the site for energy production?

Answer 9

mitochondria

Question 10

what organelle is continuous through the nuclear membrane?

Answer 10

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

what is the function for the nucleolus?

Answer 11

• site for the rRna synthesis

- spherical shaped

Question 12

which organelle is responsible for translation, storage, and transport of proteins?

Answer 12

rough ER

Question 13

what organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids, and drug detoxification?

Answer 13

smooth ER

Question 14

Which organelle is responsible for packing substances into vesicles and distributing them?

Answer 14

golgi apparatus

Question 15

endosome

Answer 15

have proton pumps on their membranes, to acidify the contents

Question 16

lysosome

Answer 16

contain hydrolytic enzyme for intracellular digestion

Question 17

peroxisome

Answer 17

• detoxification
• degrade hydrogen peroxide
• oxidative enzymes

Question 18

proteasome

Answer 18

• small, barrel shaped organelles

- degrade cytosolic proteins

Question 19

what are the 3 types of cytoskeletal elements?

Answer 19

1. microfilaments
2. intermediate filaments
3. microtubules

Question 20

histones

Answer 20

a protein that provides structural support for the chromosome

Question 21

chromatin

Answer 21

material that chromosomes or organisms besides bacteria are composed of

Question 22

nuclear pore

Answer 22

regulates the transportation of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

Question 23

endolethium

Answer 23

thin membrane that lines the inside of the heart and blood vessels

Question 24

cristae

Answer 24

is a fold of the inner membrane of the mitochondrian

Question 25

what are the 4 basic tissues in the body?

Answer 25

1. connective tissue
2. muscle tissue
3. epithelial tissue
4. nervous tissue

Question 26

what are the 3 basic components in the connective tissue?

Answer 26

1. extracellular fibers
2. ground substance
3. stationary & migrating cells

Question 27

what are 3 connective tissue fibers?

Answer 27

1. collagen fibers
2. elastic fibers
3. reticular fibers

Question 28

loose/dense irregular connective tissues

Question 29

loose/dense regular connective tissues

Question 30

what is the primary cell type?

Answer 30

• fibroblast
• osteoblast
• chondroblast
• hemocytoblast