Liquid Formulations

Question 1

How is a liquid formulation prepepared

Answer 1

dissolving the api in solvent

suspending the api in a medium

incorporating the api into an oil or water phase

Question 2

what is saturated solution

Answer 2

a solution containing the max amount of dissolved solute (achieved by highest possible concentration)

Question 3

what does the term very soluble

Answer 3

<1g of solvent needed to dissolve 1g of solute

Question 4

what does the the term soluble mean

Answer 4

10-30g of solvent needed to dissolve 1g of solute

Question 5

what does the term sleightly soluble mean

Answer 5

between 100g and 1000g to dissolve 1g of solute

Question 6

what does the term practically insoluble

Answer 6

> 10,000 g to dissolve 1g of solute

Question 7

what is a solution

Answer 7

liquid formulation in which the API and excipients are dissolved in the chosen solvent

Question 8

what does a low drug solubility mean

Answer 8

poor bioavailability

Question 9

what are the factors that affect solubility

Answer 9

Nature of the API
The solvent 
crystal form
surface area
agitation
temperature
additives

Question 10

does ionised or unionised have great solubility

Answer 10

ionised

Question 11

what do buffers determine

Answer 11

they determine degree of disassociation

Question 12

how can we improve solubility

Answer 12

using co solvent
using salt forms and changing pH
solubilisation 
solubilisation by complexation
chemical modification

Question 13

what is a co solvent

Answer 13

lowers dielectric constant and increases solubility of unionised form

Question 14

how is solvency improved in electrolytes and non polar compounds

Answer 14

altering polarity of solution

Question 15

what can weakly soluble medicines react to form highy soluble salts

Answer 15

strong acids or bases