Lipids Flashcards
1
Q
What elements do lipids contain?
A
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
2
Q
What are lipids soluble in?
A
Alcohol
3
Q
Why are lipids insoluble in water?
A
Non polar molecules due to large number of carbon and hydrogen
4
Q
What are the 3 groups of lipids?
A
- Triglycerides
- phospholipids
- steroids
5
Q
What are triglycerides made up of?
A
- one molecule of glycerol
- 3 fatty acid tails
6
Q
What are the properties of triglycerides?
A
- large, insoluble molecules so hydrophobic
- 3 ester bonds formed between glycerol and fatty acid
- 3 water molecules released through condensation reaction
7
Q
What are fatty acids?
A
Long hydrocarbons chain with carboxylic acid group at one end
8
Q
What are the 2 types of fatty acids?
A
- saturated
- unsaturated
9
Q
What are the properties of saturated fatty acids?
A
- single C-C bond
- contain more hydrogen
- linear hydrocarbon chain
- solid at room temperature
- high melting point
- fatty acids can pack closely together
- strong intermolecular bonds between fatty acid chains
10
Q
What are the properties of unsaturated fatty acids?
A
- one or more C=C double bonds
- causes a kink
- non-linear chains do not allow fatty acid molecules to pack closely together
- weaker intermolecular bonds between fatty acid chains
- lower melting point
- liquids at room temperature
11
Q
What are phospholipids made up of?
A
- one glycerol molecule
- 2 fatty acid tails
- one phosphate group
12
Q
Which end of the phospholipids is hydrophobic?
A
Fatty acid tail
13
Q
Which end of the phospholipids is hydrophilic?
A
Phosphate
14
Q
What does hydrophobic mean?
A
Repels water
15
Q
What does hydrophilic mean?
A
Attracted to water
