Enzymes

Question 1

What are enzymes?

Answer 1

• Globular proteins
• biological catalysts

Question 2

What is metabolism?

Answer 2

All the reactions in the body

Question 3

What are the 2 types of metabolism?

Answer 3

Anabolic and catabolic

Question 4

What is anabolic?

Answer 4

Building up of molecules

Question 5

What is an example of anabolic reaction?

Answer 5

Protein synthesis

Question 6

What is catabolic?

Answer 6

Breaking down molecules

Question 7

What is an example of catabolic reaction?

Answer 7

Digestion

Question 8

What type of reaction is involved in catabolic reaction?

Answer 8

Hydrolysis

Question 9

What type of reaction is involved in anabolic reaction?

Answer 9

Condensation

Question 10

What are substrates?

Answer 10

Starting point

Question 11

What are products?

Answer 11

Finishing point

Question 12

What are the characteristics of enzymes?

Answer 12

• globular protein
• speeds up reaction
• not used up
• not changed by reaction
• can be used repeatedly (effective in small amounts)
• high turn over (catalyse many reactions per second)

Question 13

What is intracellular?

Answer 13

Inside cells

Question 14

What is extra cellular?

Answer 14

Secreted from cells by exocytosis

Question 15

What is enzyme substrate complexes?

Answer 15

• when enzyme acts on its substrate and makes temporary bond forming enzyme substrate complex
• tertiary structure/3D

Question 16

What is the lock and key theory?

Answer 16

Substrate fits into an enzyme’s complementary active site forming an enzyme substrate complex

Question 17

What is an induced fit model?

Answer 17

• enzyme changes shape for substrate to fit
• before, as not complementary to substrate
• substrate binds, as changes shape

Question 18

What is collision theory?

Answer 18

• successful collisions required in order to form a product
• increase successful collisions: increase temperature, increase pressure
• frequency and number of effective collisions determine the rate of reaction