Liberal Social Reforms- 1906-1911- How Effective?

Question 1

Children- how helped before liberal reforms

Answer 1

No real systems- some charities helped poor families with children- barnardoes
Orphans looked after in workhouses- oliver twist

Question 2

Free school meals act

Answer 2

1906-
Allowed local authorities to provide free school meals
Meant children would eat atleast one decent meal per day
1914- 14 mill meals had been served- most served
Better teachers pay- based on performance in 3rs

Question 3

Free school meals- not good measure

Answer 3

Not compulsory- only half. Did
Holidays no free school meals
May be basic meals
Taking away the parents role

Question 4

School medical inspections- 1907

Answer 4

Every local education authority had to set up a school medical service

Question 5

School medical inspections- failures

Answer 5

Only regular medical checks
General advice- spend time outside

Question 6

School clinics

Answer 6

1912
Extended to provide treatment ihn schoool clinics

Question 7

School clinics failures

Answer 7

Left to local authoritues to make it work- medical care varied widely across the country
Limited advice- go on walk

Question 8

Childrens and young persons act

Answer 8

1908
Children givenm special status as protected persons
Parents could be prosecuted for neglect
Made illegal to insure a childs life- as before parents would kill children for pay outs from insurance company
Set up special courts to deal with child crime and special homes/borstals- house youth offenders so not sent to adult prisons

Question 9

Children and young persons act- failures

Answer 9

Had little to do with causes of jeuvanile criminal activity- poverty
Neglect as a crime was subjective

Question 10

Analysis childrens act

Answer 10

Stepping stone
Not universal- not everyone were entitled
Not tackling sources of poverty

Question 11

Who helped old people before the liberal reforms

Answer 11

Charties, family and the workhouse

Question 12

Old age pensions act

Answer 12

1908
Person over 70 with no other income would recieve state pension- 5t shillings
Non contributory- dont need to pay in before
Directly funded from gov not from rates
650,000 collected pensions
Reduced the workhouse usage and the reliance on charities and family

Question 13

How was old age pensions act well recieved

Answer 13

Called lloyd george ‘lord george’ as he was chancellor at time

Question 14

Why was old age pensions act not a good measure

Answer 14

V expensive
Inadequate level of money given- as many had not saved during working livbes
Had to live 20y in britian- didnt apply to everyone
Many didnt have birth certificate to claim and show how old they were
Could be excluded if not worked hard enough

Question 15

Working people- how helped before liberal reforms

Answer 15

Charities
Family
Worjouse
Some outdoor relief

Question 16

Labour exchanges

Answer 16

1909
Gov set up labour exchanges
Workers could sign up to register when unemployed tyo find availablel work
1913- labour exchanges were putting 3,000 people int owork every day

Question 17

Labour exchanges act failure

Answer 17

Not compulsory for employers to register vacancies

Question 18

National insurance act part 1

Answer 18

1911- health
Provided compulsory helath insurance for workers earning under 160 pounds/year
If ill- employers payed for 13 weeks- llimited time
Employee, employer ans state contributed money to the scheme

Question 19

National insurance act part 1- failures

Answer 19

After 25 weeks absence form work, benefits were stopped
No provision was made for workers families- for breadwinner only
Many objected to compulsory payments they had to make- mafde them worse off
Only certain trades
Often not enough money

Question 20

national insurance act part 2

Answer 20

1911- unemploymenyt
Insured worker losing their job- would recieve 7 shillings/week for 15 weeks
Recieved from wmployee, employer and state
Trades involved shipbuilding and mechanical engineers for example

Question 21

National insurance failure

Answer 21

Cover workers only for limited time depended on contributions
No provision for wokrers family
Only certain trades applicable- eg. Domestic servants- mainly women- not the case- covered 2 mill workers

Question 22

Universality- strength

Answer 22

Trade exchanges
No descrimination

Question 23

Universality- failures

Answer 23

Free school meals permissive
Pensions- needed birth cirtificate, over 20y in uk, 70y old ,work hard enough
National insurance act didnt include other dependants and only certain trades

Question 24

Adequacy- success

Answer 24

Old age pensions meant less outdoor relief
National insurance gave sick pay

Question 25

Adequacy failure

Answer 25

National insurance certain workers
Pensions burden those beneath poverty line
Generalised treatment school clinics
Quality and quantity varied school meals not provided

Question 26

Central control

Answer 26

National insurance and old age pensions state paid into
Burden of tax on rich

Question 27

Central control failure

Answer 27

Children local authorityies0 many permissive

Question 28

Modern comparisons- suces

Answer 28

Starting place less than after ww2
Central control similar welfare state today

Question 29

Modern comparison failure

Answer 29

Post ww2 more universal- from the cradle to the grave

Question 30

Responsivbility sucess

Answer 30

Lloyd george, churchill and asquith- new liberalism want to help people

Question 31

Responsibillity failure

Answer 31

Taking stolen ideas- chamberlain old age poensions suggested
Political point scoring

Question 32

People’s budget terms

Answer 32

Increase tax on rich- on those with an income over 5000 only affects about 10,000 people
Decrease income tax those with children
Increase estate duty and othe rdeath duties
Start land valuation- if sell land pay 20% profits made on land (selling price-bought price)
Increase tax on alcohol and tobacco- spirit tax increaed to 35%
Increase cost of pub licences