lewis ch 63 musculoskeletal problems Flashcards
S+S acute low back pain (4)
- guarded movement
- depressed/absent achilles tendon or patellar reflex
- tense tight paravertebral. muscles
- decreased range of motion in spine
3 tests acute low back pain
- straight leg raise test
- crossover straight leg test
- trendelenburg test
whats a positive result on straight leg raise test
pain along sciatic nerve on affected side with affected leg raised from supine up to 60 degrees
whats a positive result on crossover straight leg test
pain along sciatic nerve on affected side with unaffected leg raised from supine up to 40 degrees
whats a positive result on trendelenburg test
pt unable to maintain pelvis horizontal to floor while standing on one foot
treatment options acute low back pain (6)
- NSAIDs, muscle relaxants
- massage
- back manipulation
- acupuncture
- cold/hot compresses
- severe: corticosteroids, opioids
instructions for pt post-op spinal fusion surgery
- log roll to get out of bed
- no “BLT” (do not bend, lift, or twist spine)
s+s CSF leakage post-op spinal surgery (3)
- clear/slightly yellow drainage on dressing
- severe headache
- positive for glucose
what med may be prescribed for muscle relaxation post-op spinal surgery
diazepam (valium)
most commonly used bone graft donor site
posterior iliac crest
S+S osteomyelitis (5)
- restlessness
- high fever
- edema, warmth
- restricted movement
- high WBC
what should pt immediately report relating to osteomyelitis (4)
- bone pain
- fever
- swelling
- restricted limb movement
people at risk for osteomyelitis (4)
- immunocompromised
- diabetes
- orthopedic prosthetic devices
- vascular insufficiences
lengthy antibiotic treatment for osteomyelitis can result in overgrowth of what 2 bacteria
- candida albicans
- c diff
