lewis ch 22 - integumentary assessment Flashcards
dermatologic manifestations of hyperthyroidism
- increased sweating
- warm skin with persistent flush
- thin nails
- alopecia
dermatologic manifestations of hypothyroidism
- cold, dry, pale to yellow skin
- generalized nonpitting edema
- dry coarse brittle hair and nails
dermatologic manifestations of cushing syndrome (glucocorticoid excess)
- atrophy
- decreased subq fat
- impaired wound healing
- mild hirsutism
- buffalo hump
- swelling of face
dermatologic manifestations of addisons disease
- loss of body hair
- generalized hyperpigmentation
dermatologic manifestations of androgen excess
- male sex characteristics
- acceleration of coarse hair growth
- acne
dermatologic manifestations of androgen deficiency
- sparse hair
- marked reduction in sebum production
dermatologic manifestations of hypoparathyroidism
- opaque brittle nails with transverse ridges
- coarse sparse hair
dermatologic manifestations of hyperpituitarism
- coarse skin with deepened lines
- increased oiliness and sweating, acne
- excess hair growth
- hyperpigmentation
dermatologic manifestations of diabetes mellitus
- red plaques of shins
- delayed wound healing
- neuropathy
- velvety dark skin on neck and in skin folds
loss of hair (generalized or local)
alopecia
tumor consisting of blood or lymph vessels
angioma
yellow discoloration of skin most notable on palms and soles
carotenemia (carotenosis)
enlarged hair follicle plugged with sebum, bacteria, and skin cells; can be open or closed
comedo (acne lesion)
slightly bluish gray or dark purple discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by excess amounts of reduced hemoglobin in capillaries
cyanosis
sac containing fluid or semisolid material
cyst
large, bruise-like lesion caused by collection of extravascular blood in dermis and subq tissue
ecchymosis
redness occurring in patches of variable size and shape
erythema
extravasation of blood of enough size to cause visible swelling
hematoma
male distribution of hair in women
hirsutism
loss of pigmentation resulting in lighter patches than normal skin
hypopigmentation
dermatitis of overlying surfaces of the skin
intertrigo
yellow (in white patients) or yellowish brown (in dark skinned patients) discoloration of the skin, best seen in the sclera, secondary to increased bilirubin in the blood
jaundice
hypertrophied scar beyond wound margin
keloid
thickening of the skin with accentuated normal skin markings
lichenification
benign overgrowth of melanocytes
mole (nevus)
pinpoint, discrete deposits of blood <1-2 mm in the extravascular tissues and visible through the skin or mucous membrane
petechiae
visibly dilated, superficial, cutaneous small blood vessels, commonly found on face and thighs
telangiectasia
failure of skin to return immediately to normal position after gentle pinching
tenting
complete absence of melanin resulting in chalky white patch
vitiligo
type of lesion: circular, begins in center and spreads outward (ex: ringworm)
annular
type of lesion: unilateral distribution
asymmetric
type of lesion: merging together (ex: hives)
confluent
type of lesion: distinct individual lesions that are separate (ex: acne)
discrete
type of lesion: twisted, coiled spiral, snakelike
gyrate
type of lesion: clusters of lesions (ex: vesicles of contact dermatitis)
grouped
type of lesion: clearly defined, limited areas of involvement
localized
type of lesion: annular lesions grow together (ex: psoriasis)
polycyclic
type of lesion: single lesion
solitary
type of lesion: bilateral distribution
symmetric
type of lesion: linear arrangement along a dermatome area (ex: herpes zoster)
zosteriform
older adult expected changes of the skin
- wrinkling
- tenting
- dryness
- sun spots
- cool, diminished sensation
- decreased perspiration
older adult expected changes of the hair
- gray, white color
- thinning and hair loss
- facial hirsutism
older adult expected changes of the nails
- thick, brittle nails
- delayed cap refill
