HESI Flashcards
maslows hierarchy of needs from most basic
physiological safety and security love and belonging self-esteem self-actualization
what can you hear with bell of stethoscope
low pitched sounds (murmurs and bruits)
what can you hear with diaphragm of stethoscope
high pitched sounds (wheezes and crackles)
when would you hear resonance with percussion
low loud sound over normal lung tissue
when would you hear tympany with percussion
drum like quality over stomach or bowel
when would you hear a dull sound with percussion
over liver
ADPIE
assessment diagnosis (nursing) planning implementation evaluation
reduces number of pathogens in one area (clean technique)
medical asepsis
when would you use medical asepsis
daily hygiene practices
giving oral meds
enemas
tube feeds
makes object free of all microorganisms (sterile technique)
surgical asepsis
when would you use surgical asepsis
sterile dressing changes
catheterizations
OR
wound healing by sutured incision
primary intention
wound healing from the edges inward
secondary intention
wound healing by delayed suturing when wound is infected
tertiary intention
when should you not use heat (4)
- area being treated with radiation
- bleeding
- localized inflammation
- injury within past 24 hours
when should you not use cold (2)
- edema at injured site
- neuropathy
when would you get a false high bp reading
cuff too small
when would you get a false low bp reading
cuff too big
somatic pain from skeletal muscles, ligaments, joints
nociceptive
OPQRST
onset palliative/provocative quality region/radiating severity timing
4 categories adjuvant meds
antiemetics
antidepressants
NSAIDs
corticosteroids
what operative complication can antibiotics cause
resp depression
what operative complication can antidepressants cause
hypotensive effects
what operative complication can tranquilizers cause
hypotension
what operative complication can loop and thiazide diuretics cause
electrolyte imbalance
what operative complication can steroids cause
decreases wound healing and inflammation
pharmacokinetic process ADME
absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion
how to evaluate kidney clearance for meds in older adults
creatinine clearance
what should not be given with tetracyclines
dairy
what should not be given with antiinfectives
grapefruit
what should not be given with antidepressants
tyramine-rich foods
what should not be given with warfarin
foods high in vitamin K
what harmful effect can herbal supplement comfrey cause
liver damage
what harmful effect can herbal supplement kava cause
hepatotoxicity
what harmful effect can herbal supplement ephedra cause
MI and hypertension
7 rights of med admin
person med dose time route reason documentation
examples of meds with highest risk of causing injury (3)
insulin
narcotics
opioids
how to give meds through enteral tube feedings
- clamp tube feeds
- flush with water before and after
- crush meds
- never mix meds
how to give eardrops to children and adults
children: down and back
adults: up and back
subq injection sites
arm
stomach
leg
gauge for subq injections
25 G
degree for admin subq injections
45-90
IM injection sites
deltoid
ventrogluteal
vastus lateralis
gauge for IM injections
18-22 G
degree for admin IM injections
90
intradermal injection sites
inner arm
back
gauge for intradermal injections
25-27 G
degree for admin intradermal injections
5-15
preferred site for admin of injections for babies/toddlers
vastus lateralis
max mL given through IM deltoid injection for children
0.5 mL
herbal supplements that can effect coagulation (3)
ginger
gingko
vitamin e
risk factors for pressure injuries (8)
immobility incontinence diabetes equipment poor nutrition decreased pain old age obesity
braden scale high risk
12 or less
braden scale moderate risk
13-18
stages pressure injuries
1) nonblanchable erythema on intact skin
2) partial thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
3) full thickness skin loss (fat and slough visible)
4) full thickness skin and tissue loss (fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage or bone visible)
best practices to prevent medical error in operative rooms
time out
SCIP protocol
hand-off communication
common post op complications (6)
urinary retention
pulmonary complications (atelectasis, pneumonia, embolus)
wound healing problems
UTIs
thromophlebitis
decreased GI peristalsis (constipation, paralytic ileus)
