Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > (Lesson 9) Lower Muscles > Flashcards

(Lesson 9) Lower Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

External abdominal oblique

A

Paired muscle forming the outermost layer of the lateral abdominal wall;
compresses abdominal wall, rotates trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Internal abdominal oblique

A

Paired muscle forming the middle layer of the lateral abdomen;
Compresses abdomen similar to external oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

deepest muscle in abdominal area;

compresses abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

runs vertically on the anterior medial portion of the abdominal wall;
compresses and allows lateral rotation of vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Linea Alba

A

vertical midline band of connective tissue within the abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

inguinal ligament

A

extends from crest of ilium to the pubic tubercle; derived from aponeurosispsoas major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

psoas major

A

round muscle adjacent to iliacus;

flexes hip and rotates femur laterally, flexes vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A

originates on iliac crest, located deep next to the kidneys;

extends lumbar spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Erector Spinae

A

Composed of three muscle groups: Spinalis, logissimus, ilicostalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Spinalis

A

originates on spinous process of upper lumbar and lower thoracic,
inserts on spinous process of upper thoracic vertebrae;
extends vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Longissimus

A

Originates on transverse process of vertebrae, except upper cervical,
Inserts on spinous process of upper thoracic vertebrae;
Extends vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Iliocostals

A

Originates on ribs and crest of ilium,
inserts on posterior part of ribs and transverse process of cervical vertebrae;
Extends vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Serratus posterior, superior

A

located on the inferior and lateral portion of the back deep to the latissimus dorsi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

serratus posterior inferior

A

located on the inferior and lateral portion of the back deep to the latissimus dorsi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Multifidius

A

very thin muscle that runs on either side of the spinous processes of the vertebrae from the sacrum to the axis;
originates on the sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, posterior superior iliac spine, and the iliac crest
inserts on the spinous processes;
Stabilizes the vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Medial Meniscus

A

C-shaped fibrocartilage located within the medial condyles providing cushion within the knee joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

lateral meniscus

A

C-shaped fibrocartilage located within the lateral condyles to provide cushion within the knee joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

anterior cruciate ligament

A

tendon connecting the posterior side of the femur to the anterior surface of the tibia preventing anterior sliding of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

posterior cruciate ligament

A

tendon connecting the anterioinferior femur to the posterior tibia preventing posterior displacement of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

A

tendon located on the lateral surface of the knee joint providing stability and prevents hyperadduction of the leg at the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

medial (tibular) collateral ligament

A

tendon located on the medial surface of the knee joint providing stability and prevents hyperabduction of the leg at the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

iliopsoas

A

composed of two muscles as they join at the inguinal ligament: iliacus/psoas major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

iliacus

A

originates on iliac fossa;
insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
flexes hip and rotates femur laterally, flexes vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

psoas major

A

round muscle adjacent to iliacus;
origin: transverse process and bodies t12-L5
insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
flexes hip and rotates femur laterally, flexes vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
pectineus
small muscle medial to the iliopsoas; origin: superior ramus of pubis insertion: lesser trochanter of femur adducts flexes and medially rotates leg
26
Sartorius
runs diagonally across anterior side of thigh from ilium to medial surface of tibial origin: anterior superior iliac spine insertion: medial to tibial tuberosity (pes anserinus) Flexes thigh and rotates leg laterally
27
tensor fascia latae
muscle located on the superior, lateral, aspect of the thigh, origin: iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine inserts into the iliotibial tract; abducts femur
28
iliotibial tract
fibrous band extending from iliac crest and gluteus maximus muscle down the lateral thigh to the lateral condyle of the tibial bone
29
Quadriceps femoris
Composed of 4 muscles: Rectus femoris, castus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
30
Rectus femoris
runs vertically on anterior side of thigh; origin: anterior inferior iliac spine insertion: tibial tuberosity extends knewe, flexes thigh
31
vastus lateralis
runs vertically on lateral side of thigh; origin: greater trochanter and linea aspera insertion: tibial tuberosity extends lower leg
32
vastus intermedius
directly beneath the rectus femoris; origin: shaft of femur insertion: tibial tuberosity extends lower leg
33
vastus medialis
runs vertically on medial side of thigh; origin: inter trochanteric line and linea aspera insertion: tibial tuberosity extends lower leg
34
gracilis
runs vertically from pubis along medial side of thigh to tibial origin: inferior ramus and body of pubis insertion: medial to tibial tuberosity (pes anserinus) adducts thigh, flexes and rotates lower leg
35
adductor longus
most superficial adductor on medial side of the thigh; | adducts, flexes, and externally rotates lower leg
36
adductor brevis
small adductor between longus and magnusl | adducts, flexes, and externally rotates lower leg
37
adductor magnus
largest adductor on medial side of thigh; | adducts, flexes and externally rotates lower leg
38
gluteus maximus
largest and most superficial gluteal muscle; origin: iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, and IT band extends thigh
39
gluteus medius
middle gluteal muscle; | abducts and rotates thigh medially
40
gluteus minimus
deepest gluteal muscle; abducts thigh
41
Deep Hip rotators
piriformis, superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus, obturator externus, quadratus femoris
42
piriformis
Deep Hip rotator pyramidal muscle inferior to gluteus minimus; rotates thigh laterally
43
superior gemellus
Deep Hip rotator | inferior to the piriformis and runs from the ischial spine to the greater trochanter
44
obturator internus
Deep Hip rotator | located inferior to the superior gamellus and aides in lateral rotation of the hip
45
inferior gemellus
Deep Hip rotator inferior to the obturator externus and runs from the ischial tuberosity to the greater trochanter; aids in lateral hip rotation
46
obturator externus
Deep Hip rotator | deep to the quadratus femoris and aides in lateral hip rotation
47
quadratus femoris
Deep Hip rotator | most inferior of the hip rotators
48
hamstrings
muscles on the posterior side of thigh
49
semimembranosus
``` hamstring most medial; origin: ischial tuberosity insertion: medial condyle of tibia flexes lower leg, extends and medially rotates leg ```
50
semitendonosus
hamstring between the semimembranosus and biceps femoris origin: ischial tuberosity insertion: medial to tibial tuberosity (pes anserinus) flexes lower leg, extends and medially rotates thigh
51
biceps femoris
hamstring two-headed muscle, most lateral; origin: ischial tuberosity and linea aspera insertion: head of fibula flexes lower leg, extends thigh, and medially rotates thigh
52
pes anserinus
bony landmark medial to the tibial tuberosity; common tendonous insertion of gracilis, sartorius, and semi tendinosus
53
Plantaris
small muscle in posterior side of knee; origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of femur insertion: calcaneus plantar flexes foot and knee
54
popliteus
deep muscle in the posterior region of the knee; origin: lateral condyle of femur insertion: posterior surface of tibia flexes and rotates knee
55
gastrocnemius
calf muscle; origin: medial and lateral epicondyles of femur insertion: calcaneous (calcaneal tendon) flexes foot and knee
56
SOLEUS
beneath the gastrocnemius; origin: shaft of tibia and fubula insertion: calcaneus (calcaneal tendon) plantar flexes foot
57
calcaneal tendon
tendon that connects gastrocnemius, soleus, to calcaneus bone
58
tibialis posterior
originates on tibia and fibula, inserts on metatarsals; inversion and plantar flexion of foot
59
flexor digitorium longus
originates on posterior surface of the tibial inserts on phalanges; flexes digits
60
flexor hallucis longus
originates on posterior side of fibula, inserts on hallux flexes hallux
61
peroneus (fibularis) longus
originates on tibia and fibula inserts on first metatarsal; flexes and everts foot
62
peroneus (fibularis) brevis
originates on distal part of fibula inserts on fifth metatarsal; flexes and everts foot
63
peroneus tertius
originates on anterior surface of fibula, inserts on fifth metatarsal, flexes and everts foot
64
extensor digitorium longus
originates on tibia and fibula, inserts on digits 2-5 (has 4 tendons); extends and dorsiflexes digits/foot
65
extensor hallucis longus
originates on fibula, inserts on distal phalanx of hallux, extends hallux
66
tibialis anterior
originates on lateral condyle of tibia, inserts on first metatarsal dorsiflexes and inverts foot
67
extensor digitorium brevis
4-part muscle deep to the tendons of the extensor digitorium longus, originates on the calcaceus inserts in toes 2-5; helps extend toes 2-5
68
flexor hallucis brevis
medial muscle on the sole of the foot, originates on the cuboid and lateral cuneiform inserts on the medial and lateral sides of the great toe; flexes great toe
69
abductor digiti minimi
narraow muscle on the lateral border of the sole, originates on the calcaneus, inserts on the lateral side of the little toe; abducts and flexes little toe
70
flexor digitorium brevis
wide, superficial muscle located in the middle of the sole of the foot, originates on the calcaneus, inserts on toes 2-5 ; flexes toes 2-5
71
abductor hallucis
lies along the medial border of the sole, originates on the calcaneus, inserts on the medial side of the great toe; abducts and flexes great toe
72
lumbricals
four small muscles in the sole of the foot, originates on the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus, inserts on the tendons of the extensor digitorum longus; extends and flexes toes 2-5
73
quadratus plantae
rectangular shaped muscles with two heads, originates on the calcaneus, inserts on the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus, assits flexor digitorum longus in flexing toes 2-5
74
adductor hallucis
two-headed muscle deep to the lumbricals, originates on metatarsals 2-4, inserts on the lateral side of the great toe; adducts and flexes great toe
75
extensor hallucis brevis
muscle on top of the foot; originates on the calcaneus, inserts on the big toel helps extend the great toe
76
flexor digiti minimi brevis
muscle lies inferior to the fifth metatarsal; originates on the fifth metatarsal, inserts on the lateral side of the little toe flexes little toe

Anatomy (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions