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Anatomy > (Lesson 5) Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

(Lesson 5) Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

body axis composed of the skull, thoracic cage, and vertebral column.

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2
Q

Frontal Bone

A

Major bone of the forehead

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3
Q

Supraorbital Margin

A

Superior ridge of the eye socket

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4
Q

Superciliary arch

A

The ridge above the eye socket indicating the location of the frontal sinuses

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5
Q

Glabella

A

The smooth, triangular part of the frontal bone found midline directly above the nasal bones connecting the superciliary arches

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6
Q

Frontal Sinus

A

Cavity within the frontal bone

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7
Q

Parietal Bone

A

Large paired bone located in the superior portion of the skull

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8
Q

coronal suture

A

runs laterally joining the frontal and parietal bones

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9
Q

Sagittal suture

A

runs anterioposteriorally joining the two parietal bones.

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10
Q

Temporal Bone

A

paired bone located on the lateral sides of the skull

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11
Q

Squamos suture

A

runs anteioposteriorally joining the temporal and parietal bones.

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12
Q

Mandibular fossa of Temporal bone

A

Articulates with the condyloid process of the mandible.

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13
Q

External auditory meatus

A

opening in the temporal bone extending to the inner ear.

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14
Q

Internal Auditory Meatus

A

short canal in petrous part of the temporal bone, extending laterally towards the ear. Site of nerve entrance.

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15
Q

Petrous Part

A

Dense bony ridge on interior surface of temporal bone, location of middle and inner ear cavities.

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16
Q

Styloid Process

A

Long sharp process of the temporal bone extending inferiorly.

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17
Q

Mastoid Process

A

Rounded process of the temporal bone slightly posterior and inferior to the external auditory meatus.

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18
Q

Stylomastoid Foramen

A

located between the styloid and mastoid processes. Passageway for facial nerve.

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19
Q

Carotid Canal

A

located on petrous part of the temporal bone anterior to the jugular foramen.

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20
Q

Jugular Foramen

A

Located on inferior, petrous part of the temporal bone posterior to the Carotid Canal

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21
Q

Zygomatic Process

A

Arch of bone extending anteriorly from the temporal bone.

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22
Q

Zygomatic Bone

A

Paired bone which participates with the zygomatic process. Cheek bone.

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23
Q

Zygomatic Arch

A

formed by union of the zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of the temporal bone.

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24
Q

Occipital bone

A

most posterior and inferior bone of the skull.

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25
Q

Lambdoid Suture

A

runs transversely joining the occipital and parietal bones.

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26
Q

sutural bone

A

irregular bone within a cranial suture.

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27
Q

External occipital protuberance

A

median protrusion on occipital bone superior to foramen magnum.

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28
Q

Superior Nuchal Line

A

Runs horizontally from external occipital protuberance.

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29
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

Large opening on the inferior part of the skull.

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30
Q

Occipital Condyle

A

Paired rounded process lateral to the foramen magnum.

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31
Q

Hypoglossal canal

A

paired canal anterior to occipital condyle.

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32
Q

Basilar part

A

bone anterior to foramen magnum joining occipital and sphenoid bones.

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33
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Butterfly shaped bone forming the floor of the cranium.

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34
Q

Greater Wing

A

posterior and inferior to lesser wing on the interior of the sphenoid.

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35
Q

Lesser wing

A

Anterior and Superior to greater wing on the interior of the sphenoid.

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36
Q

Superior Orbital Fissure

A

Fissure between greater and lesser wings of sphenoid visible from the orbits.

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37
Q

Inferior Orbital Fissure

A

Fissure in the orbit floor between maxilla and greater wing of the sphenoid.

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38
Q

Sella Turcica

A

Saddle-like depression posterior to lesser wing.

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39
Q

Sphenoid Sinus

A

Paired cavity located within the sphenoid, inferior to the sella turcica.

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40
Q

Lateral Pterygoid Plate

A

Sharp process that laterally and inferiorly projects from the sphenoid.

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41
Q

Medial Pterygoid Plate

A

Sharp process that laterally and inferiorly projects from the Sphenoid.

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42
Q

Optic Canal

A

Paired opening through lesser wing of the sphenoid

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43
Q

Foramen lacerum

A

paired opening posterior to the sella turcica.

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44
Q

Foramen Ovale

A

Paired opening lateral to the base of the sella turcica

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45
Q

Foramen Spinosum

A

paired opening at the posterior margin of the Sphenoid.

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46
Q

Ethmoid Bone

A

Located between the orbits and between sphenoid and nasal bones. Forms roof of nasal cavity.

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47
Q

crista galli

A

superior projection in the middle of the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone.

48
Q

Cribiform plate

A

porous bone surrounding the crista galli in the floor of the cranium through which olfactory nerves transverse.

49
Q

Ethmoid sinuses

A

Numerous cavities within the ethmoid bone.

50
Q

Perpendicular plate

A

Median inferior projection of the ethmoid; forms superior nasal septum.

51
Q

Vomer

A

Bone forming the inferior and posterior portion of the nasal septum.

52
Q

Inferior Nasal Concha

A

bone that protrudes into the inferior part of the nasal cavity. AKA Inferior turbinate bone.

53
Q

Palatine bone

A

Posterior portion of the hard palate associated with maxilla.

54
Q

Maxilla

A

paired fused bone of the upper jaw and central face

55
Q

Palatine process

A

anterior portion of the hard palate. Maxilla.

56
Q

Infraorbital foramen

A

Paired opening inferior to the orbit. Maxilla.

57
Q

Maxillary Sinus

A

paired cavity found within the maxilla.

58
Q

Hard Palate

A

Bony portion of the roof of the mouth. Includes palatine bone and palatine process of the maxilla bone.

59
Q

Lacrimal bone

A

Paired bone forming part of the medial wall of the orbit.

60
Q

Nasolacrimal Canal

A

opening in the lacrimal bone.

61
Q

Nasal Bone

A

paired bone composing the superior portion (bridge) of nose.

62
Q

Mandible

A

Lower Jaw bone

63
Q

Body of mandible

A

most anterior part extending horizontally to the angle of the mandible

64
Q

Angle of Mandible

A

where the bodt and the ramus of mandible meet

65
Q

coronoid process

A

anterior process of the ramus. Crown.

66
Q

Condylar Process

A

the most posterior process of the ramus which contributes to the temporomandibular joint

67
Q

Ramus

A

the vertical portion of the mandible extending from the angle. Branch.

68
Q

Mandibular Notch

A

separates the coronoid from the condylar process of the ramus.

69
Q

Mandibular foramen

A

paired opening on the medial surface of the ramus.

70
Q

mental foramen

A

paired opening on the anterior aspect of the body.

71
Q

Mental Protuberance

A

depression in the chin indicating fusion of the to mandibular bodies.

72
Q

alveolus

A

socket lined with connective tissue in which a tooth is fastened.

73
Q

Hyoid

A

U-Shaped bone located in the neck, superior to the larynx.

74
Q

Intervertebral Disc

A

Fibrocartilage cushion between the vertebral bodies.

75
Q

Vertebra

A

basic bone unit of the vertebral column

76
Q

Body of vertebra

A

Anterior portion of vertebra

77
Q

pedicle of vertebra

A

posterior projection to vertebral body that supports the lamina

78
Q

transverse process of vertebra

A

lateral projections of the vertebra for muscle/ligament attachment

79
Q

lamina of vertebra

A

paired arches supported by the pedicles located posterior to the body.

80
Q

spinous process of vertebra

A

most posterior projection of the vertebra for muscle/ligament attachment

81
Q

vertebral foramen

A

opening in vertebral body through which the spinal cord extends

82
Q

articular process of vertebra

A

paired (superior and inferior) process which articulates with the process of adjacent vertebra

83
Q

articular facet of vertebra

A

smooth surface of articular process.

84
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

7 total. C1-C7. Smallest of vertebrae.

85
Q

Transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae

A

paired opening on the transverse process.

86
Q

Atlas

A

C1. Supports head.

87
Q

Axis

A

C2. serves as a pivotal point for atlas and skull.

88
Q

Odontoid process.

A

Dens. Process of the axis which passes through the vertebral foramen.

89
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

12 total. T1-T12. Vertebrae with circular vertebral foramen and long spinous process.

90
Q

Costal Facet of thoracic vertebra

A

depression on transverse process which articulates with the ribs.

91
Q

Costal demifacet of thoracic vertebra

A

half facet on superior and inferior edges of each side of vertebral body. Articulates with head of the ribs.

92
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

5 total. L1-L5. Vertebrae with strongly built components for wait bearing.

93
Q

Sacrum

A

S1-S5. Composed of 5 fused vertebrae forming posterior wall of pelvis.

94
Q

Articular surface of Sacrum

A

lateral part that articulates with the os coxa through the sacroiliac joint of pelvis.

95
Q

Median (middle) sacral crest

A

fused posterior spinous processes of the sacral vertebrae.

96
Q

Posterior sacral foramina

A

opening on the posterior side of the sacrum.

97
Q

Anterior sacral foramina

A

openings on the anterior side of the sacrum.

98
Q

Coccyx

A

4 fused vertebrae forming the triangular tailbone.

99
Q

Sternum

A

Anterior midline anchor to the ribs. Composed of three bones. Breastbone.

100
Q

Manubrium

A

superior portion of the sternum that articulates with the clavicle at it’s clavicular notch.

101
Q

Jugular (Suprasternal) notch

A

an important anatomical landmark located in the superior portion of the manubrium.

102
Q

Body of sternum

A

middle portion of the sternum that articulates with T2-T7 rib cartilage

103
Q

Costal notch

A

paired site on the sternum for attachment of costal cartilage

104
Q

xiphoid process

A

small inferior portion of the sternum

105
Q

Costal Cartilage

A

connective tissue that connects the ribs to the sternum

106
Q

costovertebral angle

A

angle formed posteriorly by last floating rib and vertebral column inferior to it.

107
Q

Ribs

A

12 pair. attached to T1-T12 thoracic vertebrae

108
Q

True Ribs

A

attached posteriorly to T1-T7 vertebrae and anteriorly to the sternum via costal cartilage

109
Q

False ribs

A

attached posteriorly to vertebrae T8-T10. They are not directly attached to the sternum.

110
Q

Floating ribs

A

false ribs attached posteriorly to T11-T12 but do not attach to sternum.

111
Q

head of rib

A

rounded part of rib which articulates with the thoracic vertebrae via two costal demifacets.

112
Q

neck of rib

A

region of rib between the head and tubercle.

113
Q

tubercle of rib

A

prominence near the neck of the rib which articulates with vertebral transverse process on costal facet of thoracic vertebrae

114
Q

angle of rib

A

the curved portion of rib.

115
Q

shaft of rib

A

elongated part of the rib associated anteriorly with costal cartilage

116
Q

costal groove

A

a groove on the inferior side of the rib shaft.

117
Q

Bones that make up orbit of eye

A

Frontal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Lacrimal, Zygomatic, Maxilla, PALATINE (orbital process of palatine)

Anatomy (25 decks)

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