Lesson 8.1

Question 1

What is DNA?

Answer 1

Deoxyribosenucleic acid is the storehouse of genetic information responsible for heredity.

Question 2

Explain and describe the experiment of Frederick Griffith.

Answer 2

Griffith researched pneumonia and defined “Transformation” as the process of one strain of bacteria acquiring “a factor” from another bacteria.

Question 3

Explain and describe the experiment of Avery,MacLeod,and McCarty.

Answer 3

Wanted to find “transforming factor” from Griffith’s experiment to determine whether DNA or protein was the factor.

Question 4

Explain and describe the experiment of Hershey and Chase.

Answer 4

Used bacteriophages to see if genes were made of protein or DNA;radioactive isotopes of sulfur(Protein) and phosphorous(DNA) to test for radioactivity

Question 5

Explain and describe the experiment of Watson and Crick.

Answer 5

Discovered the complementary base pairs of a DNA strand based off of Rosalind Franklin’s x-ray photo.

Question 6

What are Chargaff’s Rules?

Question 7

Describe the parts of a nucleotide of DNA

Answer 7

1. phosphate
2. deoxyribose sugar
3. nitrogenous base (changes)

Question 8

What is the structure of DNA?

Answer 8

DNA has one structure which is a double helix made of two complementary strands that run antiparallel.

Question 9

What are similarities and differences between DNA and RNA?

Answer 9

DNA :deoxyribose sugar;thymine base,double strand

BOTH:

RNA: ribose sugar,uracil base,single strand

Question 10

Calculate the amount of the other three bases when given the % of one base in an organism’s DNA
Adenine : 34%

Answer 10

Thymine: 34%
Guanine: 16%
Cytosine:16%