Lesson 4.2 Flashcards
Define photosynthesis
process by which plants transform light energy into chemical energy
What are the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis?
inputs - sunlight + C02(carbon dioxide) + H20 (water)
outputs - O2 (oxygen)+glucose
Define cellular respiration
process by which cells harvest energy from organic molecules mainly glucose
What are the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration?
inputs - O2 (oxygen) + glucose
outputs - C02 (carbon di.)+ H20 (water)
What are the differences of carbon and energy flow through a food chain?
Carbon can be recycled by many processes like photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Energy is lost as heat (10%) when transferred and can’t be recycled.
What is the carbon cycle?
process by which carbon atoms move throughout the Earth
What is the nitrogen cycle?
circulation of nitrogen in various forms through nature
What is nitrogen fixation?
Nitrogen (N2) is reduced to ammonia (NH+4) or ammonium (NH3)
What is nitrification?
Reduced nitrogen compounds (mainly NH3) are oxidized to nitrite and nitrate
What is denitrification?
loss of nitrogen through bacteria that returns nitrogen to the atmosphere and completes the cycle
What type of organisms perform the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Photosynthesis - plants, algae, bacteria
Cellular respiration - all living organisms
How do humans affect the carbon and nitrogen cycle?
By the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation which increase carbon in the atmosphere and impact global climate
How does BTB (a pH indicator) work?
It changes colors (blue/green/yellow) based on acidity and is used to detect carbon dioxide.
What is the cycle that doesn’t return to the atmosphere?
Phosphorous cycle
