Lesson 5 - Fundamentals of Applied Kinesiology Flashcards
Static balance exercises often involve _______________.
Narrowing the base of support
Why?
To work on static balance with a client or class participant, the fitness professional can make the individual’s base of support narrower to stimulate adaptation to the imposed demand. Widening the base of support lessens the balance challenge.
ACE’s Essentials of Exercise Science for Fitness Professionals, p. 115–116
The soleus, gastrocnemius, and plantaris are located in which compartment of the lower leg?
Superficial posterior compartment
Why?
The soleus, gastrocnemius, and plantaris are all located in the superficial posterior compartment of the lower leg and serve as primary plantarflexors of the ankle joint.
ACE’s Essentials of Exercise Science for Fitness Professionals, p. 123-124
When evaluating a new client’s posture, a personal trainer notices a long outward curve of the thoracic spine with a decreased anterior lumbar curve and a backward shift of the upper trunk. What postural deviation does this client have?
Sway back
Why?
Sway-back posture is a long outward curve of the thoracic spine with a decreased anterior lumbar curve and a backward shift of the upper trunk. It is often accompanied by rounded shoulders, a sunken chest, and a forward-tilted head. If an individual has this postural abnormality and cannot actively assume a neutral-spine posture, the fitness professional should refer him or her to a physician.
ACE’s Essentials of Exercise Science for Fitness Professionals, p. 128-129
What is the following muscles that play a vital role (with the multifidi) in providing feedback to the central nervous system about spinal joint position before dynamic forces in the extremities destabilize the spine?
Transverse abdominis
Why?
Coactivation of the transverse abdominis and multifidi muscles occur before any movements of the limbs. Specifically, these two muscles are activated an average of 30 milliseconds before shoulder movement and 110 milliseconds before leg movement. What is the importance of this temporal pattern of trunk muscle recruitment? The transverse abdominis and multifidi muscles are thought to play a vital role in providing feedback about spinal joint position, and thus forewarn the central nervous system about impending dynamic forces to be created in the extremities that may destabilize the spine.
ACE’s Essentials of Exercise Science for Fitness Professionals, p. 133
“Shoulder girdle” is the informal term for the _______________.
Scapulothoracic articulation
Why?
Shoulder girdle is the informal term for scapulothoracic (S/T) articulation, which consists of the muscles and fascia connecting the scapula to the thorax.
ACE’s Essentials of Exercise Science for Fitness Professionals, p. 34, 134-136
