Lesson 10 - Functional Assessments, Posture Movement, Core, Balance, and Flexibility Flashcards
Which of the three tests included in McGill’s torso muscular endurance test battery is a timed
test involving a static, isometric contraction of the anterior muscles, stabilizing the spine until
the individual exhibits fatigue and can no longer hold the assumed position?
Trunk flexor endurance test
Why?
The flexor endurance test is the first in the battery of three tests that assesses the muscular
endurance of the deep core muscles. It is a timed test involving a static, isometric contraction of
the anterior muscles, stabilizing the spine until the individual exhibits fatigue and can no longer
hold the assumed position.
ACE Personal Trainer Manual, 5 ed., p. 188
When performing a shoulder screen and observing the client from a posterior view, a trainer
notices an outward protrusion of the vertebral borders, but not the inferior angles, of the
scapulae. What deviation is most likely being observed?
Scapular protraction
Why?
Noticeable protrusion of the vertebral (medial) border outward is termed “scapular protraction,”
while noticeable protrusion of the inferior angle and vertebral (medial) border outward is termed
“winged scapulae.”
ACE Personal Trainer Manual, 5 ed., p. 160-162
During the hurdle step screen, you observe that the client exhibits an anterior pelvic tilt with a
forward torso lean. What muscles should you suspect of being underactive or weak?
Rectus abdominis and hip extensors
Why?
If a client exhibits an anterior tilt with a forward torso lean, he or she likely has overactive or
tight stance-leg hip flexors and underactive or weak rectus abdominis and hip extensors.
ACE Personal Trainer Manual, 5 ed., p. 172
During the Thomas Test, you observe that when the client holds the back and sacrum flat, the
back of the lowered thigh touches the table, but the knee does not flex to 80 degrees. What
muscle(s) should you suspect of being tight?
Rectus femoris
Why?
When a client is unable to flex the knee to 80 degrees, a personal trainer should suspect
tightness in the rectus femoris, which does not allow the knee to bend.
ACE Personal Trainer Manual, 5 ed., p. 179-180
Which of the following postural deviations MOST LIKELY indicates that a client has medially
(internally) rotated shoulders?
Anterior view: backs of hands are visible
Why?
Scapular protracon can also be idenfied from the anterior view. If the knuckles or the backs of the
client’s hands are visible when the hands are posioned at the sides, this generally indicates internal
(medial) rotaon of the humerus and/or scapular
protracon.
ACE Personal Trainer Manual, 5 ed., p. 161-162
