Client Interviews & Assessments Flashcards
Dan is a new client whom you are meeting with for the first time today. He will most likely be evaluating you as a trainer through both your verbal and non-verbal communication. What stage of the client-trainer relationship are you in with Dan?
Rapport Stage
When you are first meeting a client and verbal and non-verbal communication are extremely important to consider, you are in the rapport stage.
Bill is a 50-year-old man with a family history of heart disease. His body mass index is 20 and he has been running 3 miles 3-4 days a week for a year. What is the exercise testing recommendations according to risk stratification based on his cardiovascular disease risk factors?
Moderate risk, medical exam necessary before vigorous exercise.
Although Bill is at a higher than average fitness level for his age, because he is over 45 years old and has a family history of heart disease, he has 2 points on the risk factor scale, therefore requiring a medical exam before any vigorous exercise is initiated.
Which movement screen can be utilized to test for tight plantar flexor muscles?
Bend and Lift Screen
The bend and lift screen generates a stretch in the plantar flexor muscles. If these muscles are tight the client’s heels will come off the ground during the test.
A one-repetition maximum test evaluates which type of strength?
A 1RM test evaluates absolute strength, as it determines the greatest amount of weight that can be lifted at one time.
Which of the following is a step in determining an individual’s goal weight based on their goal body fat percentage?
Determine lean body weight
The steps of determining an individual’s goal weight based on their goal body fat percentage are as follows: Determine fat weight, determine lean body weight, and calculate goal weight.
In what specific location is the circumference of the upper thigh measured?
Just below the gluteal fold.
The circumference of the upper thigh should be measured at the largest part, or just below the gluteal fold.
In what specific location should the arm be measured?
a. Around the largest part of the upper arm with the bicep flexed.
b. Around the largest part of the upper arm with the arm relaxed.
c. Midway between the acromion and the olecranon process with the arm relaxed.
d. Midway between the acromion and the olecranon process with the bicep flexed.
c. Midway between the acromion and the olecranon process with the arm relaxed.
The measurement of the arm should be taken between the acromion (a lateral portion of the collarbone) and the olecranon process (elbow) with the arm relaxed for best results.
What is the workload of 1 MET associated with?
Oxygen consumption at rest
One MET is equivalent to oxygen consumption at rest, which is approximately 3.5 mL/kg/min.
Which of the following muscles is not responsible for the hip extension?
a. Biceps femoris
b. Gluteus maximus
c. Semitendinosus
d. Gluteus medius
d. Gluteus medius
There are four primary muscles that act as hip extensors including the biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. The gluteus medius is a hip abductor.
You decide to run some assessments to test a client’s mobility. Which of the following tests would be most appropriate?
Thoracic spine mobility screen
Each of the tests mentioned are assessments tools. However, only one of them (Thoracic spine mobility screen) is known to assess a client’s mobility.
Clients on beta blocker medication during exercise will experience which of the following during a cardiorespiratory fitness test?
An inadequate heart-rate response to exercise
Beta-blockers are medications that reduce blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline. They act to slow the heart rate and decrease maximum heart rate and are used for cardiovascular and other medical conditions. Monitoring heart rate during a cardiorespiratory fitness test is inappropriate for clients taking a beta blocker. The client should use Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) to determine the level at which he or she is exercising as the heart rate will not go up.
You perform a static postural assessment on your client, Kim. You notice she has a lateral spinal curvature. Which postural deviation is Kim experiencing?
Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine.
Hydrostatic weighting is considered the benchmark for measuring body composition. This concept is based on which of the following equations?
Density = Mass/Volume
The concept behind hydrostatic weighing is based on the Archimedes Principle which states that the buoyant force on a submerged object is equal to the weight of the fluid that is displaced by the object. Density = Mass/Volume is the equation used to determine lean weight and fat weight and determine a person’s percentage of body fat. By volume, fat weighs less than muscle, and pound for pound fat and muscle each have a constant mass and displace a specific amount of water.
Which of the following is not a part of muscular endurance testing?
Vertical jump test
The vertical jump test evaluates human power. This test is valuable when assessing the vertical jump height in athletes.
Blood pressure is measured within the arterial system. What is the standard site of measurement when assessing a client’s blood pressure?
Brachial artery
The standard site of measurement is the brachial artery, given its easy accessibility and the ability to hold it level to the heart position.
Your new client is a 20-year-old college soccer player. Which of the following field tests will you administer to assess anaerobic power?
Standing long jump test and vertical jump test
Standing long jump and vertical jump tests are used to assess anaerobic power. Strength and power are closely related, but for assessment purposes, they should be evaluated independently.
Crystal has developed a good understanding of how to do a push-up and can perform the movement with little correction or feedback from the personal trainer. Which stage of learning would Crystal fall into?
Autonomous stage of learning
In the autonomous stage of learning, the client can perform the skill with less monitoring from the trainer. The trainer may decide to introduce different exercises in order to repeat the learning process.
A client has become very successful at performing a lunge and the trainer acknowledges the progress by reinforcing the client’s performance and adding weight to increase the skill demand. Which principle of behavior is being used to gradually achieve a target behavior?
Shaping
Shaping begins with a simple skill that the client can perform and progresses to a more demanding skill that is reinforced with praise. This is a powerful behavior-control due to the reinforcement and increasing demands at an appropriate rate.
Your client is performing the Sharpened Romberg Test and is only able to sustain the test for 15 seconds. Which of the following is indicative of inadequacy for the inability to reach 30 seconds? (pick two)
Postural control and Static balance
Reducing the base of support in the Sharpened Romberg Test allows you to visualize the static balance without any visual sensory information. This test will also challenge the postural control as narrowing the base of support requires an integrated activation of the postural muscles
Which of the following is not a potential determinant for physical activity?
Current weight
Determinants can be described as factors that influence a person’s decision to engage in exercise behavior. Weight is not a potential determinant.
What is the purpose of the pre-participation screening?
Detection of at-risk individuals who should first undergo medical evaluation.
The pre-participation screening includes identifying those individuals with medical conditions who should participate in medically supervised programs. A systematic screening will address signs and/or symptoms of disease, risk factors, and family history. A Par-Q would be a minimal health-risk appraisal and an acknowledgment of being informed about the risks associated with activity that helps achieve informed consent.
Two clients, one a male and the other a female, are working out together. They ask you to measure their heart rates at the same time. What could attribute to higher values found in the female RHR?
Smaller heart chamber size
Average RHR is approximately 60 to 70 bpm in males and 72 to 80 bpm in females. This is attributed to factors such as a smaller heart chamber size.
When the trainer instructs a client to measure his heart rate by palpating at the neck, which artery is involved with this pulse location?
a. Femoral artery
b. Radial artery
c. Carotid artery
d. Popliteal artery
c. Carotid artery
The carotid artery is located in the neck, lateral to the trachea.
A certain amount of body fat is necessary for insulation and thermoregulation, hormone production, cushioning of vital organs, and maintenance of certain body functions. For women, what percentage is considered essential body fat?
a. 25-20%
b. 14-20%
c. 10-13%
d. 6-9%
c. 10-13%
Explanation: A certain amount of body fat is necessary for overall health and well-being. Essential body fat for women is between 10 and 13%
