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Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Complete virus particles

A

Virions

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2
Q

Most virus ranges in size from ______ to ______ nm in diameter

A

10-300

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3
Q

What microscope were used to see viruses

A

Electron microscope

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4
Q

Electron microscope were in invented in

A

1930s

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5
Q

First photograph of viruses were obtained in

A

1940

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6
Q

Are all organisms safe from viruses

A

No

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7
Q

Viruses that causes specific types of cancer, including human cancers such as lymphomas, carcinomas, and some types of leukemias

A

Oncogenic viruses / oncoviruses

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8
Q

Give specific properties of viruses

A

They possess either DNA or RNA
They are unable to replicate on gheir own
They do not divide by binary fission, mitosis, or meiosis

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9
Q

The protein coat

A

Capsid

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10
Q

The nucleic acid and the capsid are referred to as

A

Nucleocapsid

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11
Q

Many small protein unit

A

Capsomeres

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12
Q

Have an outer envelope composed of lipids and polysaccharides

A

Enveloped viruses

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13
Q

Viruses are classified by what?

A
  1. Type of genetic material
  2. Shape of the capsid
  3. Number of capsomeres
  4. Target cells
  5. Type of diseases it produces
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14
Q

It is derived from either the host cell nuclear membrane or cell membrane

A

Envelope

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15
Q

Two theories of origin of viruses

A

Viruses existed before cells
Cells came first

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16
Q

They are referred to as acellular microbes or infectious particle

A

Viruses

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17
Q

Viruses are referred to as _____ or ______

A

Acellular microbes or Infectious particles

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18
Q

Are viruses considered as living organisms?

A

No

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19
Q

Viruses that infect bacteria

A

Bacteriophages

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20
Q

Theee categories of bacteriophages

A

Icosahedron bacteriophages
Filamentous bacteriophages
Complex bacteriophages

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21
Q

A bacteriophages with an almost spherical shape; with 20 triangulat facets

A

Icosahedron bacteriophages

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22
Q

A bacteriophages which icosahedral head attached to helical tails

A

Complex bacteriophages

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23
Q

A bacteriophages which long tubes formed by capsid proteins assembled into a helical structure

A

Filamentous bacteriophages

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24
Q

It is known as the lytic cycle

A

Virulent bacteriophages

25
It ends with the destruction of the bacterial cell
Virulent bacteriophages/ lytic cycle
26
What are the STEPS in the Lytic Cycle
APBAR Attachment Penetration Biosynthesis Assembly Release
27
Lytic cycle: the phage injects its DNA into the bacterial cell
Penetration
28
Lytic cycle: the phage genes are expressed, resulting in the production of viral pieces
Biosynthesis
29
Lytic cycle: the viral pieces are assembled to produce complete viral particles
Assembly
30
Lytic cycle: the host cell bursts open, and all of new virions escape from the cells
Release
31
Also known as lysogenic phase
Temperate phages
32
They do not immediately initiate lytic cycle, but rather their DNA remains integrated into the bacterial cell chromosome, generation after generation
Temperate phages or lysogenic phages
33
Viruses that infect human and animals are collectively referred to as
Animal viruses
34
Steps in multiplication of animal viruses
Attachment Penetration Uncoating Biosynthesis Assembly Release
35
Steps in multplication of bacteriophages
Attachment Penetration Biosynthesis Assembly Release
36
Steps in multiplication of animal viruses whereby "the viral nucleic acid escape from the capsid"
Uncoating
37
Steps in multiplication of animal viruses wherein "after the virus particles are assembled, they must escape from the cell"
Release
38
It is known as cold sores / fever blisters
Herpes virus infections
39
A good example of latent virus infections
Herpes virus infections
40
A painful nerve disease that is also caused by herpes virus
Shingles
41
It is prescribed in an attempt to prevent secondary bacterial infections that might follow the virus infection
Antibiotics
42
It it developed to interfere with virus-specific enzymes and virus production
Anti-viral agents
43
Viruses that causes cancer
Oncogenic viruses / oncoviruses
44
The first evidence that viruses cause cancers came from experiments with _________
Chicken
45
A type of herpes virus that causes mononucleosis
Epstein-Barr Virus
46
A type of cancer common in AIDS patients, caused by human herpes virus
Kaposi sarcoma
47
It cause cancers of the cervix and other parts of thr genital tract
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
48
Known as wart viruses
HPV
49
The cause of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome / AIDS, is an enveloped single stranded rna virus
HIV / human immunodeficiency virus
50
Extremely large double stranded DNA virus
Mimivirus
51
Mimivirus has been recovered by?
Amoebas
52
It mimics bacteria
Mimivirus
53
Infectious RNA molecules that cause a variety of plant diseases
Viroids
54
Infectious protein molecules that cause a variety of animal and human diseases
Prions
55
A disease where women and children ate human brains as part of a traditional burial custom
Kuru
56
Kuru is common among natives in?
Papua, New Guinea
57
A general mental deterioration, characterized by disorientation and impaired memory, judgment and intellect
Dementia
58
Example of prions diseases
Kuru Mad cow disease C-J disease

MicroPara LEC (29 decks)

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