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MicroPara LEC > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Complete virus particles

A

Virions

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2
Q

Most virus ranges in size from ______ to ______ nm in diameter

A

10-300

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3
Q

What microscope were used to see viruses

A

Electron microscope

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4
Q

Electron microscope were in invented in

A

1930s

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5
Q

First photograph of viruses were obtained in

A

1940

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6
Q

Are all organisms safe from viruses

A

No

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7
Q

Viruses that causes specific types of cancer, including human cancers such as lymphomas, carcinomas, and some types of leukemias

A

Oncogenic viruses / oncoviruses

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8
Q

Give specific properties of viruses

A

They possess either DNA or RNA
They are unable to replicate on gheir own
They do not divide by binary fission, mitosis, or meiosis

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9
Q

The protein coat

A

Capsid

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10
Q

The nucleic acid and the capsid are referred to as

A

Nucleocapsid

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11
Q

Many small protein unit

A

Capsomeres

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12
Q

Have an outer envelope composed of lipids and polysaccharides

A

Enveloped viruses

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13
Q

Viruses are classified by what?

A
  1. Type of genetic material
  2. Shape of the capsid
  3. Number of capsomeres
  4. Target cells
  5. Type of diseases it produces
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14
Q

It is derived from either the host cell nuclear membrane or cell membrane

A

Envelope

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15
Q

Two theories of origin of viruses

A

Viruses existed before cells
Cells came first

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16
Q

They are referred to as acellular microbes or infectious particle

A

Viruses

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17
Q

Viruses are referred to as _____ or ______

A

Acellular microbes or Infectious particles

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18
Q

Are viruses considered as living organisms?

A

No

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19
Q

Viruses that infect bacteria

A

Bacteriophages

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20
Q

Theee categories of bacteriophages

A

Icosahedron bacteriophages
Filamentous bacteriophages
Complex bacteriophages

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21
Q

A bacteriophages with an almost spherical shape; with 20 triangulat facets

A

Icosahedron bacteriophages

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22
Q

A bacteriophages which icosahedral head attached to helical tails

A

Complex bacteriophages

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23
Q

A bacteriophages which long tubes formed by capsid proteins assembled into a helical structure

A

Filamentous bacteriophages

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24
Q

It is known as the lytic cycle

A

Virulent bacteriophages

25
Q

It ends with the destruction of the bacterial cell

A

Virulent bacteriophages/ lytic cycle

26
Q

What are the STEPS in the Lytic Cycle

A

APBAR
Attachment
Penetration
Biosynthesis
Assembly
Release

27
Q

Lytic cycle: the phage injects its DNA into the bacterial cell

A

Penetration

28
Q

Lytic cycle: the phage genes are expressed, resulting in the production of viral pieces

A

Biosynthesis

29
Q

Lytic cycle: the viral pieces are assembled to produce complete viral particles

A

Assembly

30
Q

Lytic cycle: the host cell bursts open, and all of new virions escape from the cells

A

Release

31
Q

Also known as lysogenic phase

A

Temperate phages

32
Q

They do not immediately initiate lytic cycle, but rather their DNA remains integrated into the bacterial cell chromosome, generation after generation

A

Temperate phages or lysogenic phages

33
Q

Viruses that infect human and animals are collectively referred to as

A

Animal viruses

34
Q

Steps in multiplication of animal viruses

A

Attachment
Penetration
Uncoating
Biosynthesis
Assembly
Release

35
Q

Steps in multplication of bacteriophages

A

Attachment
Penetration
Biosynthesis
Assembly
Release

36
Q

Steps in multiplication of animal viruses whereby “the viral nucleic acid escape from the capsid”

A

Uncoating

37
Q

Steps in multiplication of animal viruses wherein “after the virus particles are assembled, they must escape from the cell”

A

Release

38
Q

It is known as cold sores / fever blisters

A

Herpes virus infections

39
Q

A good example of latent virus infections

A

Herpes virus infections

40
Q

A painful nerve disease that is also caused by herpes virus

A

Shingles

41
Q

It is prescribed in an attempt to prevent secondary bacterial infections that might follow the virus infection

A

Antibiotics

42
Q

It it developed to interfere with virus-specific enzymes and virus production

A

Anti-viral agents

43
Q

Viruses that causes cancer

A

Oncogenic viruses / oncoviruses

44
Q

The first evidence that viruses cause cancers came from experiments with _________

A

Chicken

45
Q

A type of herpes virus that causes mononucleosis

A

Epstein-Barr Virus

46
Q

A type of cancer common in AIDS patients, caused by human herpes virus

A

Kaposi sarcoma

47
Q

It cause cancers of the cervix and other parts of thr genital tract

A

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

48
Q

Known as wart viruses

A

HPV

49
Q

The cause of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome / AIDS, is an enveloped single stranded rna virus

A

HIV / human immunodeficiency virus

50
Q

Extremely large double stranded DNA virus

A

Mimivirus

51
Q

Mimivirus has been recovered by?

A

Amoebas

52
Q

It mimics bacteria

A

Mimivirus

53
Q

Infectious RNA molecules that cause a variety of plant diseases

A

Viroids

54
Q

Infectious protein molecules that cause a variety of animal and human diseases

A

Prions

55
Q

A disease where women and children ate human brains as part of a traditional burial custom

A

Kuru

56
Q

Kuru is common among natives in?

A

Papua, New Guinea

57
Q

A general mental deterioration, characterized by disorientation and impaired memory, judgment and intellect

A

Dementia

58
Q

Example of prions diseases

A

Kuru
Mad cow disease
C-J disease

MicroPara LEC (29 decks)

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