Lesson 12 Flashcards
The study of factors that determine the frequency, distribution, and determinants of disease in human populations, and ways to prevent, control, or eradicate diseases
Epidemiology
An infectious disease caused by a pathogen
Communicable disease
Infectious disease that is transmissible from one human to another
Communicable diaease
Infectious disease that human acquire from animal sources
Zoonotic disease or zoonoses
The number of new cases of that disease in a defined population during a specific period
Incidence rate
The number of new cases of a particular disease that occurred during a specific time of perkld
Morbidity rate
Two types of prevalence
Period prevalence
Point prevalence
The number of cases of the disease existing in a given population during a specific time of period
(Prevalence)
Period prevalence
The number of cases of the disease existing in a given population at particular moment in time
(Prevalence)
Point prevalence
It is also known as death rate
Mortality rate
The ratio of the number of people who died of a particular disease
Mortality rate
Disease that occurs occasionally
Sporadic disease
A disease that is always present within the population
Endemic disease
Are diseases that occurs in a “greater than usual number of cases” in a particular region, and usually short period of time
Epidemic disease
Occuring in epidemic proportions in many countries
Pandemic disease
Most devastating pandemic of the 20th century
Spanish flu
A measure or degree of pathogenicity
Virulence
Six components of chain infection
Pathogen
Reservoir
Portal of exit
Mode of transition
Portal of entrance
Susceptible host
A way for the pathogen to escape from reservoir
Portal of exit
A way for the pathogen to travel from andy to another species
Mode of transmission
A way for the pathogen to gain entry
Portal of entry
Sources of microbes
Reservoir
Any site where the pathogen can multiply or merely survive
Reservoir
It include humans, household pets, farm animals, wild animals, certain insect and certain arachnids
Iiving reservoir
A person who is colonized with a certain pathogen
Carrier
What are the different type of carriers
Passive C.
Incubatory C.
Convalescent C.
Active C.
Carry the pathogen without even having had the disease
Passive carriers
A person capable of transmitting a pathogen during incubation period
Incubatory period
Harbor and can transmit a particular pathogen while recovering from an infectious disease
Convalescent C.
Have completely recovered from the disease, but continue to harbor the pathogen indefinitely
Active passive
Are infectious diseases that humans acquire from animal sources
Zoonotic diseases
Disease acquired by direct contact of animals
Zoonotic disease
Toxoplasmosis is caused by
Toxoplasma gondii
Can be contracted by ingesting occytes from cat feces; infected raw meat
Toxoplasmosis
Frequent acquired by ingesting salmonella bacteria from the feces of tutles, reptiles and poultry
Salmonellosise
Meaning of cj disease
Creutzfeldt Jakob
May be acquired by ingestion of prion infected beef from cause with bovine sponge encelopathy (BSE)
Creuztfeldt Jakob / C J disease
Another name for bovine spongiform encelopathy
Mad cow disea see e
How many are known zoonoses
200
Arthropods are referred to as
Vectors
The spirochete that causes lyme disease
Borellia
An inanimate capable of transmitting pathogens
Fomites
