Lesson 17 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Small, anti-viral proteins produced by virus infected cells

A

Interferons

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2
Q

They “interfere” with viral replication

A

Interferons

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3
Q

Three known type of Interferons

A

Alpha (a)
Beta (b)
Gamma (y)

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4
Q

Produced by B lymphocytes (B cells), monocytes and macrophages

A

A-interferon

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5
Q

Produced by fibroblast and other virus-infected cells

A

B-interferom

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6
Q

Produced by T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells

A

Y-interferon

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7
Q

The compelment system is also known as

A

Complement cascade

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8
Q

A non-specific host defense mechanism that assists in the destruction of many different pathogens

A

Complement cascade

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9
Q

A process by which phagocytosis is facilitated by the deposition of opsonins

A

Opsonization

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10
Q

A process by which phagocytosis is facilitated by deposition of opsonin

A

Opsonizatiom

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11
Q

Plasma levels of molecules increase rapidly in response to infection, inflammation, and tissue injury

A

Acute-phase protein

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12
Q

Used as a laboratory marker for, or indication of, inflammation

A

C-reactive proteins

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13
Q

Chemical mediators that are release from many different types of cell in human body

A

Cytokines

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14
Q

The body normally responds to any local injury, irritation, microbial invasion, or bacterial toxin

A

Inflammation

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15
Q

The primary purpose of the inflammatory response are to:

A
  1. Localize an infection
  2. Prevent the spread of microbial invader
  3. Naturalize any toxin being produced at the site
  4. Aid in repair of the damage tissue
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16
Q

Four cardinal signs of inflammation

A

Redness
Heat
Swelling (edema)
Pain

17
Q

An increase in the diameter of capillaries

A

Vasodilation

18
Q

Vasodilation leads to ____

A

Redness
Heat
Swelling

19
Q

Purulent inflammatory exudate

20
Q

This system helps in draining and circulating intracellular fluids from tissues

A

Lymphatic system

21
Q

Three major categories of leukocytes

A

Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Granulocytes

22
Q

Three types of granulocytes

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

23
Q

The two most important groups of phagocytes

A

Macrophages
Neutrophils

24
Q

Macrophages and neutrophils are also called as

A

Professional phagocytes

25
They serve as "clean-up crew" to rid the body of unwanted and often harmful substances
Macrophages
26
What are the phagocytic granulocytes
Neutrophils Eosinophils
27
Neutrophils are also known as
Polymorphonuclear cells / PMNs
28
An abnormally high number of eosinophils in the peripheral bloodstream
Eosinophilia
29
Macrophages develop from a type of leukocytes during the inflammatory response to infections
Monocytes
30
Leave the bloodstream and migrate to sites of infection and other areas where they are needed
Wandering macrophages
31
The macrophages remain within the tissues and organs
Fixed macrophages
32
Four steps in phagocytosis
Chemotaxis Attachment Ingestion Digestion
33
Step in phagocytosis: pseudopodia surround tho object, and is taken in the cell
Ingestion
34
Step in phagocytosis: a phagocytes attaches in the cells
Attachment
35
Step in phagocytosis: the object is broken down and dissolve by digestive enzyme
Digestion
36
Step in phagocytosis: phagocytes are attracted by chemotactic agents to the sites they are needed
Chemotaxis