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MicroPara LEC > Lesson 3 > Flashcards

Lesson 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Fundamental unit of any living organism

A

Cells

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2
Q

Chemical reaction that occurrs in the cell

A

Metabolism

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3
Q

Makes up the genes of chromosomes

A

DNA

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4
Q

Tiny organlike structures

A

Organelles

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5
Q

Fewer complex cells, which include Bacteria and Archaea

A

Prokaryotes

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6
Q

More complex, containing true nucleus and many membrane bound organelles

A

Eucaryotes

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7
Q

Prokaryotes or Eucaryotes : algae, protozoa, fungi, plants, animals

A

Eucaryotes

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8
Q

Is virus cellular or acellular

A

Acellular

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9
Q

The study of the structure and function of cells

A

Cytology

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10
Q

Eu means

A

True

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11
Q

Refers to nut or nucleus

A

Caryo

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12
Q

They have true nucleus

A

Eucaryotes

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13
Q

The cell is enclosed and held intact by?

A

Cell membrane

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14
Q

Cell membrane is also referred as

A

Plasma, cytoplasmic, cellular membrane

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15
Q

The skin like around the cell

A

Cell membrane

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16
Q

Control the functions of the cells

A

Nucleus

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17
Q

Command center of the cell

A

Nucleus

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18
Q

Three components of nucleus:

A

Nucleoplasm
Nuclear membrane
Chromosomes

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19
Q

Embedded or suspended in the nucleoplasm

A

Chromosomes

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20
Q

A gelatinous matrix or base material of the nucleus

A

Nucleoplasm

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21
Q

Serves as skin of the nucleus

A

Nuclear membrane

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22
Q

Semi-fluid, gelatinous, nutrient matrix

A

Cytoplasm

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23
Q

It is where most of the cell’s metabolic occur

A

Cytoplasm

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24
Q

Semifluid of the cytoplasm

A

Cytosol

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25
Q

Located along the DNA molecules

A

Genes

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26
Q

This controls the appearance and growth

A

Genes

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27
Q

The beads on the string of DNA

A

Genes

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28
Q

It carries the genetics

A

Chromosomes

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29
Q

Meaning of ATP

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

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30
Q

Energy carrying molecules

A

ATP

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31
Q

Membranes that are interconnected and arranged to form a transport network of tubules and flattened sacs

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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32
Q

An ER that has rough, granular appearance when observed

A

Rough ER

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33
Q

Smooth or Rough ER: many ribosomes attached to the outer surface

A

Rough ER

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34
Q

Smooth or Rough ER: ribosomes are not attached

A

Smooth ER

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35
Q

Consist mainly of rRNA and protein.

A

Ribosomes

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36
Q

It plays an important part in the synthesis of proteins

A

Ribosomes

37
Q

Clusters of ribosomes

A

Polyribosomes / Polysomes

38
Q

Also known as Golgi Apparatus or Golgi Body

A

Golgi complex

39
Q

The packaging plants

A

Golgi complex

40
Q

The functional and “packages”

A

Golgi complex

41
Q

They break down foreign material by phagocytosis

A

Lysosomes

42
Q

Which hydrogen peroxide is both generated and broken down

A

Peroxisomes

43
Q

The power plants / powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

44
Q

The energy factories

A

Mitochondria

45
Q

Most atp molecules are formed by

A

Mitochondria

46
Q

Membrane bound structures containing various photosynthetic pigments; site of photosynthesis

A

Plastids

47
Q

Green, photosynthetic pigment

A

Chlorophyll

48
Q

Contains chlorophyll

A

Chloroplast

49
Q

The process by which light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water in carbohydrates and oxygen

A

Photosynthesis

50
Q

Three types of cytoskeletal fibers

A

Microtubules
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments

51
Q

Another term for microfilaments

A

Actin filaments

52
Q

Cytoskeleton that are essential for cell division, contraction, motility, and movement of chromosomes

A

Microtubules
Microfilaments

53
Q

Slender, hollow tubules composed of spherical protein subunits

A

Microtubules

54
Q

External structures that provide rigidity, shape, and protection

A

Cell wall

55
Q

These cell walls of ALGAE contain a polysaccharide - _________

A

Cellulose

56
Q

These cell walls of FUNGI contain a polysaccharide - _________

A

Chitin

57
Q

Long, thin organelles of loco motion ; to swim

A

Flagella

58
Q

Also organelles of locomotion; shorter (hair-like), thinner, and more numerous than flagella

A

Cilia

59
Q

Which has rhythmic movement?
Flagella or Cilia

A

Cilia

60
Q

Prokaryotic cells are about ____ times smaller than eukaryotic cells

A

10 times

61
Q

Inward folding of cell membranes

A

Mesosomes

62
Q

Control center of the bacterial / prokaryotic cell

A

Chromosomes

63
Q

Control center of the eucaryotic cell

A

Nucleus

64
Q

Slimy, gelatinous material produced by the cell membrane

A

Glycocalyx

65
Q

Two types of glycocalyx

A

Slime layer
Capsule

66
Q

Enable bacteria to move

A

Flagella

67
Q

The four types of flagellar movement

A

PLAM
Peritrichous
Lophotrichous
Amphitrichous
Monotrichous

68
Q

A tuft of flagella at one end

A

Lophotrichous

69
Q

One flagellum

A

Monotrichous

70
Q

A flagella all over the surface

A

Peritrichous

71
Q

One or more flagella at one end

A

Amphitrichous

72
Q

Molecules of extrachromosomal DNA are also known as

A

Plasmids

73
Q

Some bacteria stain Gram positive and others stain Gram negative as a result of differences in the structure of their

A

Capsule

74
Q

Semipermeable structure controlling the transport of materials

A

Cell membrane

75
Q

Hairlike structures observed on Gram negative bacteria

A

Pili or Fimbriae

76
Q

Enables transfer of genetic material from one bacterial cell to another

A

Sex pilus

77
Q

Example of spores

A

Bacillus
Clostridium

78
Q

Capable of forming thick walled spores as means of survival when their moisture or nutrient supply is low

A

Endospores

79
Q

Bacterial spores is referred to as

A

Endospores

80
Q

Rober Hooke published a book entitled ___________

A

Micrographia

81
Q

This book contains descriptions of objects he had observed using a compound light microscrope that he had make

A

Micrographia

82
Q

Hooke referred to the small empty chambers in the structure of cork as “______”

A

Cell

83
Q

He was the first person to use the term cells

A

Robert Hooke

84
Q

They concleded that plant and animal tissues were composed of cells

A

Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann

85
Q

German zoologist

A

Theodor Schwann

86
Q

German botanist

A

Matthias Scheiden

87
Q

Proposed the theory of abiogenesis

A

Rudolf Virchow

88
Q

Life can only arise from pre-existing life

A

Abiogenesis

MicroPara LEC (29 decks)

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