Lesson 17 Flashcards

1
Q

The body protects itself from pathogens

A

Host defense mechanism

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2
Q

What are the three lines of defense

A

2 non-specific
1 specific

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3
Q

These line of defense is directed against any foreign substances that enter our bodies

A

Non-specific

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4
Q

What is the first two lines of defense

A

Non-specific

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5
Q

The third line of defense

A

Specific

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6
Q

Produced in the body in response to the presence of foreign substances

A

Antibodies

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7
Q

It is the foreign substances

A

Antigens

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8
Q

They stimulate the production of specific antibodies

A

Antibody generating substances

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9
Q

General and serve to protect the body from many harmful substances

A

Non-specific host defense mechanisms

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10
Q

What are the first line of defense

A
  1. Skin and mucous membrane as physical barriers
  2. Cellular and chemical factors
  3. Microbial antagonist
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11
Q

Unbroken skin that covers our bodies which represents a non-specific host defense mechanism

A

Intact skin

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12
Q

It also serve as a physical or mechanical barrier to pathogens

A

Mucous membranes

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13
Q

The dryness, acidity, and temperature of the skin inhibit colonization and growth of pathogens

A

Cellular and chemical factors

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14
Q

Serves as a nonspecific host defense mechanism by trapping pathogens

A

Sticky mucous

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15
Q

Serves as a non-specific host defense mechanism by trapping pathogens

A

Sticky mucous

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16
Q

What are the three toxic substances

A

Lactoferrin
Lysozyme
Lactoperoxidase

17
Q

Protein that binds iron

A

Lactoferrin

18
Q

An enzyme that produces superoxide radicals

A

Lactoperoxidase

19
Q

Enzymes that lyse or destroy bacteria

20
Q

Lysozyme are present in

A

Nasal secretion
Saliva
Tears

21
Q

Factors that protect the GI tract

A

Digestive enzyme
Acidity of the stomach
Alkalinity of the intestines

22
Q

What should be the approximate acid of the stomach

23
Q

When indigenous microflora prevents the establishment of arriving pathogens

A

Microbial antagonism

24
Q

A decrease in the number of indigenous microflora can lead to

A

Overgrowth of pathogens

25
A superinfection of Candida Albicans in the vagina may lead to condition of
Yeast vaginitis
26
A superinfection of clostridium difficile in the colon may lead to C. Defficile-associated diseases known as
Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)
27
Pathogens able to penetrate the first line of defense are usually destroyed by nonspecific cellular and chemical responses
Second line of defense
28
What are the second line of defense
Transferrin Fever Interferrons The Complement System Acute-phase protein Cytokines Inflammation Phagocytosis
29
A glycoprotein synthesized in the liver, has a high affinity for iron
Tranferrin
30
Its normal function is to store and deliver iron to host cells
Tranferrin
31
A body temperature greater than _______ is general considered as fever
37. 8 C or 100 F
32
Substances that stimulate the production of fever
Pyrogens or Pyrogenic substances
33
Deploy and destroy the invaders
WBC / leukocytes