Lesson 17

Question 1

The body protects itself from pathogens

Answer 1

Host defense mechanism

Question 2

What are the three lines of defense

Answer 2

2 non-specific
1 specific

Question 3

These line of defense is directed against any foreign substances that enter our bodies

Answer 3

Non-specific

Question 4

What is the first two lines of defense

Answer 4

Non-specific

Question 5

The third line of defense

Answer 5

Specific

Question 6

Produced in the body in response to the presence of foreign substances

Answer 6

Antibodies

Question 7

It is the foreign substances

Answer 7

Antigens

Question 8

They stimulate the production of specific antibodies

Answer 8

Antibody generating substances

Question 9

General and serve to protect the body from many harmful substances

Answer 9

Non-specific host defense mechanisms

Question 10

What are the first line of defense

Answer 10

1. Skin and mucous membrane as physical barriers
2. Cellular and chemical factors
3. Microbial antagonist

Question 11

Unbroken skin that covers our bodies which represents a non-specific host defense mechanism

Answer 11

Intact skin

Question 12

It also serve as a physical or mechanical barrier to pathogens

Answer 12

Mucous membranes

Question 13

The dryness, acidity, and temperature of the skin inhibit colonization and growth of pathogens

Answer 13

Cellular and chemical factors

Question 14

Serves as a nonspecific host defense mechanism by trapping pathogens

Answer 14

Sticky mucous

Question 15

Serves as a non-specific host defense mechanism by trapping pathogens

Answer 15

Sticky mucous

Question 16

What are the three toxic substances

Answer 16

Lactoferrin
Lysozyme
Lactoperoxidase

Question 17

Protein that binds iron

Answer 17

Lactoferrin

Question 18

An enzyme that produces superoxide radicals

Answer 18

Lactoperoxidase

Question 19

Enzymes that lyse or destroy bacteria

Answer 19

Lysozyme

Question 20

Lysozyme are present in

Answer 20

Nasal secretion
Saliva
Tears

Question 21

Factors that protect the GI tract

Answer 21

Digestive enzyme
Acidity of the stomach
Alkalinity of the intestines

Question 22

What should be the approximate acid of the stomach

Answer 22

Ph 1.5

Question 23

When indigenous microflora prevents the establishment of arriving pathogens

Answer 23

Microbial antagonism

Question 24

A decrease in the number of indigenous microflora can lead to

Answer 24

Overgrowth of pathogens

Question 25

A superinfection of Candida Albicans in the vagina may lead to condition of

Answer 25

Yeast vaginitis

Question 26

A superinfection of clostridium difficile in the colon may lead to C. Defficile-associated diseases known as

Answer 26

Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD)
Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)

Question 27

Pathogens able to penetrate the first line of defense are usually destroyed by nonspecific cellular and chemical responses

Answer 27

Second line of defense

Question 28

What are the second line of defense

Answer 28

Transferrin
Fever
Interferrons
The Complement System
Acute-phase protein
Cytokines
Inflammation
Phagocytosis

Question 29

A glycoprotein synthesized in the liver, has a high affinity for iron

Answer 29

Tranferrin

Question 30

Its normal function is to store and deliver iron to host cells

Answer 30

Tranferrin

Question 31

A body temperature greater than _______ is general considered as fever

Answer 31

37. 8 C or 100 F

Question 32

Substances that stimulate the production of fever

Answer 32

Pyrogens or Pyrogenic substances

Question 33

Deploy and destroy the invaders

Answer 33

WBC / leukocytes