LESSON 3 & 4: Biological Basis of Behavior; Sensation and Perception Flashcards
1
Q
3 mechanisms of behavior (ReCoRe)
A
- Receiving Mechanism
- Connecting Mechanism
- Reacting Mechanism
2
Q
this mechanism of behavior is comprised of sense organs which receives all stimuli from the environment
A
receiving mechanism
3
Q
this mechanism of behavior is comprised of the neurons and the nervous system
A
connecting mechanism
4
Q
this mechanism of behavior is comprised of the muscles and glands
A
reacting mechanism
5
Q
these are sensitive nerve endings located in different parts of the body
A
sense organs
6
Q
characteristics of sense organs (SeCoSpeAd)
A
- sensitivity and irritability
- conductivity
- specificity
- adaptability
7
Q
categories of sense organs
A
- exteroceptors
- interoceptors
- proprioceptors
8
Q
exteroceptors include:
A
the 5 senses:
- eyes
- ears
- nose
- tongue
- skin
9
Q
interoceptors include:
A
- digestive track
- respiratory track
- gento-urinary track
10
Q
proprioceptors are found in:
A
- muscles
- tendons
- joints
11
Q
what is sensation
A
simple experiences which arise from the stimulation of the sense organs
12
Q
2 elements of sensation:
A
- stimulus
- receptors
13
Q
8 types of sensation:
A
- visual
- auditory
- equilibratory
- olfactory
- gustatory
- tactile
- kinesthetic
- internal senses
14
Q
recite where the 8 types of sensation are located
A
- visual: retina
- auditory: cochlea
- equilibratory: vestibular canals
- olfactory: epithelium
- gustatory: tongue
- tactile: skin
- kinestetic:
- internal senses:
15
Q
recite the receptors of each type of sensation
A
- visual: rods and cones
- auditory: hair cells
- equilibratory: cristae
- olfactory: olfactory bulbs
- gustatory: taste buds
- tactile: thermoceptors, mechanoceptors, nociceptors
- kinestethic: proprioceptors
- internal senses: interoceptors
16
Q
recite the stimulus of each type of sensation
A
- visual: lightwaves
- auditory: soundwaves
- equilibratory: bodily movement & position
- olfactory: odors / gaseous part
- gustatory: food particles & WC-TP-P
- tactile:
- kinesthetic: bodily movement
- internal senses: physiological drives
17
Q
what are neurons?
A
basic conducting unit of the nervous system;
provide the means through which the nervous system transmits and coordinates information
18
Q
parts of neurons
A
- dendrites
- cell body
- axons
- nucleus
- node of ranvier
- myelin sheath
- schwann’s cells
- axon terminals
19
Q
3 basic parts of the cell
A
- dendrites
- cell body
- axons
20
Q
receives messages from other neurons
A
dendrites
21
Q
integrates input and output
A
cell body
22
Q
transmits information to other neurons
A
axon
23
Q
insulating fatty layer that speeds transmission
A
myelin sheath
24
Q
they make myelin
A
schwann’s cells
25
the conducting fiber
axon
26
transmitters
axon terminals
27
receivers
dendrites
28
receives messages from other neurons
dendrites
28
receives messages from other neurons
dendrites
28
receives messages from other neurons
dendrites
28
receives messages from other neurons
dendrites
29
integrates input and output
cell body
30
transmits information to other neurons
axon
31
3 types of neurons
1. sensory (afferent fibers)
2. association (connecting fibers)
3. motor (efferent fibers)
32
conduct impulses within the nervous system
association (connecting fibers)
33
conduct impulses away the nervous system
motor (efferent fibers)
34
conduct impulses to the nervous system
sensory (afferent fibers)
35
define the nervous system
- controls all the physiological and behavioral processes
- the basis for our ability to perceive, adapt to, and interact with the world around us
- through the NS, we are able to receive, process, and respond to the information from the environment
36
2 major divisions of the nervous system
1. central nervous system (CNS)
2. peripheral nervous system (PNS)
37
parts of the central nervous system
1. brain
2. spinal cord
38
parts of the peripheral nervous system
1. somatic NS
2. autonomic NS
39
parts of the autonomic nervous system
1. sympathetic NS
2. parasympathetic NS
40
master organ which controls and directs all of the activities of the nervous system
brain
41
this organ directly controls our thoughts, emotions, and motivations
brain
42
brain hemispheres
1. right brain hemisphere
2. left brain hemisphere
43
right handedness; the logical mind
left brain hemisphere
44
left handedness; the creative / emotional mind
right brain hemisphere
45
lobes of the brain
1. parietal lobe
2. frontal lobe
3. temporal lobe
4. occipital lobe
46
receives and interpret body senses (somatosensory information)
parietal lobe
47
responsible for auditory information
temporal lobe
48
responsible for motor and speech
frontal lobe
49
responsible for interpreting and remembering visual information
occipital lobe
50
somatosensory information includes:
- temperature
- pressure
- texture
- pain
51
parietal lobes are actively involved in:
- paying attention
- processing word sounds
- thinking about spatial characteristics of objects and events
52
lobe responsible for a wide variety of "human activities"
frontal lobehu
52
lobe responsible for a wide variety of "human activities"
frontal lobehu
53
lobe responsible for a wide variety of "human activities"
frontal lobe
54
human activities includes:
1. language
2. attention
3. reasoning
4. planning
5. goal setting
6. self-monitoring
7. decision making judgement
8. learning strategies
9. controlled movements
10. interpretation of others' behavior
55
this lobe is located at the back of the brain
occipital lobe
56
lobe resposible for interpreting and remembering complex auditory information such as speech and music
temporal lobe
57
temporal lobe has something to do with _______
long term memory
58
location of the temporal lobe
side, behind the ears
59
3 substructures of the brain
1. forebrain
2. midbrain
3. hindbrain
60
parts of the forebrain
- cerebrum
- thalamus
- hypothalamus
61
midbrain includes the ____
reticular activating system
62
parts of the hindbrain
- medulla oblongata
- pons
- cerebellum
63
it is the front most part of the brain
forebrain
64
seat of consciousness which controls all higher forms of thinking and judgement
cerebrum
65
parts of cerebrum
1. cerebral cortex
2. basal ganglia
3. limbic system
66
parts of limbic system
1. amygdala
2. septum
3. hippocampus
67
plays a vital role in thinking and judgement
cerebral cortex
68
controls all motor functions
basal ganglia
69
concerned with our motivation, learning, and emotions
limbic system
70
anger and agression
amygdala
71
anger and fear
septum
72
formation of memories
hippocampus
73
relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex
thalamus
74
functions of the hypothalamus:
- maintains homeostasis in the body
- regulates body temp, eating, and sleeping
- controls the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system
- responsible for survival behaviors
75
seat of emotion
hypothalamus
76
seat of consciousness
cerebrum
77
what part of the brain controls the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system
hypothalamus
