Lesson 2 - Orientation to the Human Body

Question 1

complete name of instructor

Answer 1

Daniel Dominick G Te

Question 2

study of embryonic development

Answer 2

Embryology

Question 3

study of the complete development of an individual from fertilization to death ?

Answer 3

Developmental Biology

Question 4

study if cellular structure and functions

Answer 4

Cell biology

Question 5

study of microscopic structure of tissues

Answer 5

Histology

Question 6

study of structured that can be examined without a microscope

Answer 6

Gross Anatomy

Question 7

study of structure of specific systems of the body such as the nervous or respiratory

Answer 7

Systemic Anatomy

Question 8

Study of specific regions of the body such as the head or chest

Answer 8

regional anatomy

Question 9

study of surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through visualization and palpitations

Answer 9

surface anatomy

Question 10

study of internal body structures that can be visualized with techniques such as x-rays, MRI, CT-scan, and other technologies for clinical analysis

Answer 10

imaging anatomy

Question 11

study of structural changes associated with disease

Answer 11

pathological anatomy

Question 12

study of functions of individual molecules such as proteins and DNA

Answer 12

Molecular physiology

Question 13

study of functional properties of nerve cells

Answer 13

Neurophysiology

Question 14

study of hormones and how they control body functions

Answer 14

endocrinology

Question 15

study of functions of the heart and blood vessels

Answer 15

Cardiovascular physiology

Question 16

Study of the body defenses against disease-causing agents

Answer 16

Immunology

Question 17

study of functions of the air passageways and lungs

Answer 17

respiratory physiology

Question 18

study of functions of the kidneys

Answer 18

Renal physiology

Question 19

study of the changes in the cell and organ functions due to physical activity

Answer 19

Exercise physiology

Question 20

study of functional changes associated with disease and aging

Answer 20

Pathophysiology

Question 21

the very basic level which includes atoms, the smallest units of matter that participate in chemical reactions, and molecules, two or more atoms joined together

Answer 21

Chemical level

Question 22

molecules combine to form cells, the basic structural and functional units of an organism that are composed of chemicals

Answer 22

Cellular level

Question 23

groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function

Answer 23

Tissue level

Question 24

different types of tissues are joined together that have specific functions and usually have recognizable shapes

Answer 24

Organ level

Question 25

consists of related organs with a common function

Answer 25

System level

Question 26

any living individual; all the parts of the human body functioning together constitute the total organism

Answer 26

Organismal level

Question 27

Level Of Structural organization (7 steps)

Answer 27

Atom - Molecule - Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism

Question 28

sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body

Answer 28

Metabolism

Question 29

types of chemical processes that occur in the body (2pts)

Answer 29

Catabolism and Anabolism

Question 30

body's ability to detect and respond to changes

Answer 30

Responsiveness

Question 31

motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and even tiny structures inside cells

Answer 31

Movement

Question 32

increase in body size that results from an increase in the size of existing cells, an increase in the number of cells, or both

Answer 32

Growth

Question 33

development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state

Answer 33

Differentiation

Question 34

refers either to the formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair or replacement, or the production of a new individual

Answer 34

Reproduction

Question 35

is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body's internal environment

Answer 35

Homeostasis

Question 36

Occurs because of the ceaseless interplay of the body's regulatory systems, and is a dynamic condition

Answer 36

Homeostasis

Question 37

An important aspect of _______________ is maintaining the volume and composition of body fluids

Answer 37

Homeostasis

Question 38

The body can regulate its internal environment through what ?

Answer 38

Many feedback systems

Question 39

It is a cycle of events in which the status of a body condition is monitored, evaluated, changed, remonitored, re-evaluated, and so on

Answer 39

Feedback System

Question 40

what do you call a monitored variable?

Answer 40

controlled condition

Question 41

any disruption that changes a controlled condition

Answer 41

Stimulus

Question 42

monitors changes in a controlled condition and sends input to a control center

Answer 42

Receptor

Question 43

sets the narrow range or set point within which a controlled condition should be maintained

Answer 43

Control Center

Question 44

receives output from the control center and produces a response or effect that changes the controlled condition

Answer 44

Effector

Question 45

Reverses a change in a controlled condition

Answer 45

Negative Feedback System

Question 46

Strengthens or reinforces change in a controlled condition

Answer 46

Positive Feedback System

Question 47

Failure of the human body to maintain the physiological processes

Answer 47

Homeostatic Imbalances

Question 48

an abnormality of structure of function results to what?

Answer 48

Disorder

Question 49

is a more specific term for an illness characterized by a recognizable set of signs and symptoms

Answer 49

Disease

Question 50

subjective changes in a body part of function

Answer 50

Symptoms

Question 51

objective changes observable by clinicians

Answer 51

Signs

Question 52

standard position of reference when describing any region or part of the human body

Answer 52

Anatomical position

Question 53

body is lying facedown/on belly

Answer 53

Prone

Question 54

body is lying faceup/on back

Answer 54

Supine

Question 55

the body is lain supine, or flat on the back on a 15–30 degree incline with the feet elevated above the head.

Answer 55

Trendelenburg position

Question 56

The bed angle is between 45 degrees and 60 degrees. The legs of the patient may be straight or slightly bent.

Answer 56

Fowlers Position

Question 57

also known as sitting position

Answer 57

Fowler’s

Question 58

the patient is lying on their right side

Answer 58

Right Lateral Recumbent

Question 59

the patient is lying on their left side

Answer 59

Left Lateral Recumbent

Question 60

the patient is supine on the table with their head declined below their feet at an angle of roughly 16

Answer 60

Trendelenburg Position

Question 61

Refers to the arms and everything from the shoulders down to the hands

Answer 61

Upper limb/extremities (UE)

Question 62

Refers to the legs and everything from the hips down to the feet

Answer 62

Lower limb/extremities (LE)

Question 63

The region of the body that contains the skull, face, and associated structures.

Answer 63

Head

Question 64

The area connecting the head to the rest of the body, composed of the cervical spine and soft tissues.

Answer 64

Neck

Question 65

The central portion of the body, excluding the head, neck, and limbs. It includes the chest, abdomen, and pelvis.

Answer 65

Trunk

Question 66

a location above or higher in position

Answer 66

Superior

Question 67

your head is ________ to your shoulders.

Answer 67

Superior

Question 68

front or the direction toward the front of the body

Answer 68

Anterior

Question 69

The chest is on the ________ side of the body

Answer 69

anterior

Question 70

the back or the direction toward the back of the body

Answer 70

Posterior

Question 71

The spine is located on the ________ side of the body

Answer 71

posterior

Question 72

position closer to the midline of the body

Answer 72

Medial

Question 73

your nose is more _________ compared to your ears.

Answer 73

medial

Question 74

position farther away from the midline of the body

Answer 74

Lateral

Question 75

Your ears are considered _____________ in relation to your nose

Answer 75

lateral

Question 76

describes a position between two structures

Answer 76

Intermediate

Question 77

If there's a structure between your wrist and your elbow, it's in a _______________ position

Answer 77

intermediate

Question 78

structures on the same side of the body

Answer 78

Ipsilateral

Question 79

your right hand and right foot are in a _______________ position

Answer 79

Ipsilateral

Question 80

structures are on opposite sides of the body

Answer 80

Contralateral

Question 81

Your right hand and left foot are in a _____________ position

Answer 81

Contralateral

Question 82

location closer to the point of attachment or origin

Answer 82

Proximal

Question 83

Your elbow is in a ____________ position to your wrist

Answer 83

Proximal

Question 84

location farther away from the point of attachment or origin

Answer 84

Distal

Question 85

Your fingers are _________ to your wrist.

Answer 85

Distal

Question 86

a location closer to the surface of the body.

Answer 86

Superficial

Question 87

A scratch on your skin is a _________ injury.

Answer 87

Superficial

Question 88

a location farther away from the surface

Answer 88

Deep

Question 89

Your heart is ________ within your chest

Answer 89

Deep

Question 90

divides the body/organ into right and left side

Answer 90

Sagittal plane

Question 91

divides the body/organ into anterior and posterior portions

Answer 91

Frontal/Coronal plane

Question 92

divides the body/organ into superior and inferior portions

Answer 92

Transverse plane

Question 93

equal

Answer 93

Midsagittal

Question 94

unequal

Answer 94

Parasagittal

Question 95

contains the brain

Answer 95

Cranial cavity

Question 96

contains the spinal cord

Answer 96

Vertebral canal

Question 97

chest cavity

Answer 97

Thoracic cavity

Question 98

surrounds the lungs

Answer 98

Pleural cavity

Question 99

surrounds the heart

Answer 99

Pericardial cavity

Question 100

contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and several large blood vessels

Answer 100

Mediastinum

Question 101

contains the urinary bladder, part of the large intestine, and organs of reproduction

Answer 101

Pelvic Cavity

Question 102

Abdominopelvic Regions: Top Left

Answer 102

Left Hypochondriac Region

Question 103

Abdominopelvic Regions: Top Mid

Answer 103

Epigastric Region

Question 104

Abdominopelvic Regions: Top Right

Answer 104

Right Hypochondriac Region

Question 105

Abdominopelvic Regions: Mid

Answer 105

Umbilical Region

Question 106

Abdominopelvic Regions: Mid Left

Answer 106

Left Lumbar Region

Question 107

Abdominopelvic Regions: Mid Right

Answer 107

Right Lumbar Region

Question 108

Abdominopelvic Regions: Bot Mid

Answer 108

Hypogastric Region

Question 109

Abdominopelvic Regions: Bot Right

Answer 109

Right Iliac Region

Question 110

Abdominopelvic Regions: Bot Left

Answer 110

Left iliac region

Question 111

Abdominopelvic Regions (4QUADRANTS): Top Left

Answer 111

Left upper quadrant