Lesson 14

Question 0

2) The mubtada is usually definite, but it may be indefinite with certain conditions.

Answer 0

One condition: if preceeded by an interrogative particle - e.g. أَعَقرَبٌ في الفَصْلِ - is there a scorpian in the class room?

Question 1

1) Imperitive (amr)

Answer 1

Amr is formed from the مضارع of the 2nd person by ommitting the harf-al-atayn (ا ت ي ن) and the final vowel. Because this word starts with a sukun, its prefixed with hamzatul wasl (which takes ُ_ if second radical of amr has a dhammah, otherwise it takes ـِ )

In tamreen says ‘never write hamzatul wasl unless its part of a 4-letter amr’ - p99 arabic.
( i.e 3 mujarrad??)

HAMZATUL-WASL IS ONLY PRONOUNCED WHEN NO WORD BEFORE THE AMR…OTHERWISE ONLY WRITTEN BUT NOT PRONOUNCED!
E.g. يا بلالُ اكْتُب - yaa Blilaalu ktub!
REMEMBER - don’t write hamza (ء) sign as that is for hamzat al-qat, not -wasl.
See irregular forms in table etc.

If amr of 2nd person singular is followed by a word starting with hamzatal-wasl, the last letter of the amr takes a kasra to avaid double-sukun (الِتقاءُ الساكِنَين)
e.g. drink water - اِشرَبِْ الْماء - ishrab-il-maa

Question 2

3) Word فَاِنَّ means ‘because’ in the following example:

Answer 2

اِغسِلِْ القميصَ فَإِنَّهُ وَسِخٌ