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2. HLTH 109 > Leg and ankle > Flashcards

Leg and ankle Flashcards

1
Q

name the borders of tibia:

A

anterior, medial, interosseous borders

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2
Q

name surfaces of tibia:

A

lateral, medial and posterior surfaces

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3
Q

name the borders of fibula:

A

anterior, posterior, interosseous

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4
Q

name surfaces of fibula:

A

medial, lateral, posterior

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5
Q

most inferior projection of tibia:

A

medial malleolus

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6
Q

most inferior projection of fibula:

A

lateral malleolus

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7
Q

list main groups of bones in the foot:

A
  • proximal group tarsals
  • intermediate tarsal bone
  • distal group of tarsals
  • metatarsals
  • phalanges
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8
Q

list bones of proximal group of tarsals:

A
  • talus

- calcaneus

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9
Q

list bones of distal group of tarsals:

A

cuneiforms:

  • medial
  • intermediate
  • lateral

cuboid

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10
Q

list bones of intermediate tarsals:

A

navicular

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11
Q

superior tibiofibular joint: classification

A

synovial plane

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12
Q

superior tibiofibular joint: articulating surfaces

A
  • lateral condyle of tibia
  • inferior surface w/ head of fibula
  • superomedial surface
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13
Q

superior tibiofibular joint: ligaments

A
  • anterior

- posterior ligs

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14
Q

superior tibiofibular joint: movements

A

very little

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15
Q

middle tibiofibular joint: features

A
  • interosseous membrane

apertures for:

  • anterior tibial vessels
  • perforating branch of fibular artery
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16
Q

inferior tibiofibular joint: classification

A

fibrous joint, syndesmosis

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17
Q

inferior tibiofibular joint: articulating surfaces

A

distal part of fibula w/ fibular notch of tibia

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18
Q

inferior tibiofibular joint: ligaments

A
  • anterior tibiofibular
  • post tibiofibular
  • interosseous tibiofibular ligs
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19
Q

inferior tibiofibular joint: movements

A

minimal:

- slight movement of bones away from each other during dorsiflexion

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20
Q

ankle joint: classification

A

synovial hinge

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21
Q

ankle joint: articulating surfaces

A

‘socket’ formed by:

  • interior surface of tibia,
  • medial malleolus of tibia,
  • lateral malleolus of fibula

w/ articular surfaces of talus

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22
Q

ankle joint: ligaments

A

medially:
- deltoid lig

laterally

  • anterior talofibular
  • calcaneofibular
  • posterior talofibular
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23
Q

ankle joint: movements

A

dorsiflexion

plantarflexion

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24
Q

ankle joint: stability

A
  • most stable in dorsiflexion

- excess side to side movement limited by ligaments (deltoid very strong, ant talofibular the weakest)

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25
Q

name the compartments of the leg:

A
  • post
  • lateral
  • ant
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26
Q

list the leg muscles: (3) superficial post com

A
  • gastrocnemius
  • soleus
  • plantaris
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27
Q

list the leg muscles: (4) deep post com

A
  • popliteus
  • tibialis posterior
  • flexor hallucis longus (FHL)
  • flexor digitorum longus (FDL)
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28
Q

list the leg muscles: lateral com

A
  • peroneus longus

- peroneus brevis

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29
Q

list the leg muscles: anterior com

A
  • tibialis anterior
  • extensor hallucis long (EHL)
  • extensor digitorum longus (EDL)
  • peroneus tertius (part of EDL)
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30
Q

gastrocnemius: location

A

post com of leg, superficial

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31
Q

gastrocnemius: origin

A

medial head:
- post surface of distal femur, superior to medial condyle

lateral head:
- post surface of lateral condyle

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32
Q

gastrocnemius: insertion

A

post surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)

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33
Q

gastrocnemius: innervation

A

tibial n

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34
Q

gastrocnemius: action

A
  • plantarflexes foot (at ankle joint)

- flexes leg at knee joint

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35
Q

plantaris: location

A

post com of leg, superficial

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36
Q

plantaris: origin

A
  • inferior part of lateral supracondylar line (femur)

- oblique popliteal ligament (knee)

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37
Q

plantaris: insertion

A
  • post surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)
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38
Q

plantaris: innervation

A

tibial n

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39
Q

plantaris: action

A
  • plantarflexes foot at ankle j

- flexes leg at knee

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40
Q

soleus: location

A

post com leg, deep to gastronemius

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41
Q

soleus: origin

A
  • soleal line
  • medial border of tibia
  • post proximal fibula
  • tendinous arch btw tibia and fibula
42
Q

soleus: insertion

A

post surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)

43
Q

soleus: innervation

44
Q

soleus: action

A

plantarflexes foot at ankle j

45
Q

popliteus: location

A

post com leg, deep

46
Q

popliteus: origin

A

lateral femoral condyle

47
Q

popliteus: insertion

A

post surface of proximal tibia

48
Q

popliteus: innervation

49
Q

popliteus: action

A
  • stabilises knee joint
  • unlocks knee (lateral rotation of femur)
  • weak flexor of knee
50
Q

flexor hallucis longus: location

A

post com leg, deep

51
Q

flexor hallucis longus: origin

A
  • post surface of fibula,

- interosseous membrane

52
Q

flexor hallucis longus: insertion

A

distal phalanx of great toe (plantar surface)

53
Q

flexor hallucis longus: innervation

54
Q

flexor hallucis longus: action

A

flexes great toe

55
Q

flexor digitorum longus: location

A

post com leg, deep

56
Q

flexor digitorum longus: origin

A

post surface of tibia (medial side)

57
Q

flexor digitorum longus: insertion

A

bases of distal phalanx of lateral 4 toes (plantar surface)

58
Q

flexor digitorum longus: innervation

59
Q

flexor digitorum longus: action

A

flexes lateral 4 toes

60
Q

tibialis posterior: location

A

post com of leg, deep

61
Q

tibialis posterior: origin

A
  • post surface of interosseous membrane,

- adjacent surfaces of tibia and fibula

62
Q

tibialis posterior: insertion

A

tuberosity of navicular, medial cuneiform

63
Q

tibialis posterior: innervation

64
Q

tibialis posterior: action

A
  • inversion and plantarflexion of foot

- supports medial arch of foot

65
Q

to remember positions of 3 tendons:

A

from A-P

Tom, Dick, Harry

  • post Tibial
  • flex Digitorum longus
  • flex Hallucis longus
66
Q

fibularis longus: location

A

lateral com leg

67
Q

fibularis longus: origin

A

head, upper 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia

68
Q

fibularis longus: insertion

A

base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

69
Q

fibularis longus: innervation

A

superficial fibular n

70
Q

fibularis longus: action

A
  • eversion and plantarflexion of foot,

- supports arches

71
Q

fibularis brevis: location

A

lateral com of leg

72
Q

fibularis brevis: origin

A

lower 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia

73
Q

fibularis brevis: insertion

A

lateral tubercle at base of 5th metatarsal

74
Q

fibularis brevis: innervation

A

superficial fibular n

75
Q

fibularis brevis: action

A

eversion of foot

76
Q

tibialis anterior: location

A

anterior com of leg

77
Q

tibialis anterior: origin

A
  • lateral surface of tibia

- interosseous membrane

78
Q

tibialis anterior: insertion

A
  • medial cuneiform

- base of 1st metatarsal

79
Q

tibialis anterior: innervation

A

deep fibular n

80
Q

tibialis anterior: action

A
  • dorsiflexion, inversion of foot

- support medial plantar arch

81
Q

extensor hallucis longus: location

A

anterior com leg

82
Q

extensor hallucis longus: origin

A
  • medial surface of fibula (middle part)

- interosseous membrane

83
Q

extensor hallucis longus: insertion

A
  • base of distal phalanx of great toe (dorsal surface)
84
Q

extensor hallucis longus: innervation

A

deep fibular n

85
Q

extensor hallucis longus: action

A
  • ext of great toe

- dorsiflexion of foot

86
Q

extensor digitorum longus: location

A

ant com leg

87
Q

extensor digitorum longus: origin

A
  • lateral tibial condyle
  • medial surface of fibula (proximal part)
  • interosseous membrane
88
Q

extensor digitorum longus: insertion

A

via dorsal digital expansions into bases of distal, middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes

89
Q

extensor digitorum longus: innervation

A

deep fibular n

90
Q

extensor digitorum longus: action

A
  • extension of lateral 4 toes,

- dorsiflexion of foot

91
Q

extensor digitorum longus: location

A

ant com leg

92
Q

extensor digitorum longus: origin

A
  • lateral tibial condyle
  • medial surface of fibula (proximal part)
  • interosseous membrane
93
Q

extensor digitorum longus: insertion

A

via dorsal digital expansions into bases of distal and middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes

94
Q

extensor digitorum longus: innervation

A

deep fibular n

95
Q

extensor digitorum longus: action

A
  • extension of lateral 4 toes

- dorsiflexion of foot

96
Q

fibularis tertius: location

A

ant com of leg

97
Q

fibularis tertius: origin

A

medial surface of fibular (distal part)

98
Q

fibularis tertius: insertion

A

base of 5th metatarsal

99
Q

fibularis tertius: innervation

A

deep fibular n

100
Q

fibularis tertius: action

A

dorsiflexion, eversion of foot

2. HLTH 109 (29 decks)

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