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2. HLTH 109 > Intro: lower limb > Flashcards

Intro: lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

list divisions of the lower limb:

A
  • gluteal
  • thigh
  • knee
  • leg
  • foot
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2
Q

what is the anchor point for attachment of axial skeleton:

A

sacroiliac joints and ligaments

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3
Q

define gluteal region:

A

posterolateral, btw iliac crest and gluteal fold

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4
Q

define thigh region:

A

btw inguinal lig (ant)/ gluteal fold (post) and knee joint

- hip joint is inf to middle 1/3 of inguinal lig

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5
Q

define leg region:

A

btw knee and ankle

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6
Q

define foot region:

A

distal to ankle

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7
Q

list 3 transition areas:

A
  • femoral triangle
  • popliteal fossa
  • tarsal tunnel
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8
Q

femoral triangle:

A
  • common femoral artery

- and femoral nerve enter thigh from the abdomen by passing under the inguinal lig

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9
Q

popliteal fossa:

A

popliteal artery/ vein

- sciatic nn. pass from leg to thigh

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10
Q

tarsal tunnel:

A

many nerves, vessels and flexor tendons pass btw leg and foot
- flexor retinaculum holds tendons in position

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11
Q

list bones of lower limb:

A
  • hip
  • femur
  • patella
  • tibia
  • fibula
  • phalanges
  • metatarsals
  • calcaneus
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12
Q

what does femur articulate with:

A

tibia, patella, acetabulum

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13
Q

knee joint: general features

A
  • flexion/ extension of leg

- rotation of femur on the tibia (locking mechanism)

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14
Q

fibula articulates with:

A
  • not part of knee joint

- superior and inferior tibiofibular joints

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15
Q

list 7 tarsal bones:

A

Come and Catch Navy TuCker

  • cuneiforms (middle, intermediate, lateral)
  • cuboid
  • navicular
  • talus
  • calcaneus
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16
Q

list 7 joints of foot:

A
  • subtalar joint
  • talocalcaneonavicular j
  • calcaneonavicular j
  • interphalangeal j
  • tarsometatarsal j
  • metatarsophalangeal j
  • calcaneocuboid j
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17
Q

list compartments of the thigh:

A
  • anterior
  • medial
  • posterior
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18
Q

list compartments of the leg:

A
  • anterior
  • posterior
  • lateral
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19
Q

types of muscles of gluteal region:

A
  • hip extensors
  • hip abductors
  • hip lateral rotators
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20
Q

list muscles of gluteal region:

A
  • gluteus maximus
  • gluteus medius
  • gluteus minimis
  • pirifomis
  • obturators
  • gemellus
  • quadratus femoris
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21
Q

types of muscles of post abdominal wall:

A

hip flexors

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22
Q

list muscles of post abdominal wall:

A
  • psoas

- iliacus

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23
Q

action: anterior com of thigh

A

extend the knee

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24
Q

action: medial com of thigh

A

adduct the hip

25
Q

action: post com of thigh

A

hip extensors

knee flexors

26
Q

action: ant com of leg

A

dorsiflex foot and extend digits

27
Q

action: lateral com of leg

A

evert the foot

28
Q

action: post com of leg

A

plantarflex foot, flex digits

29
Q

muscles in: ant com of thigh

A
  • sartorius
  • quadriceps femoris
  • tensor fascia latae
30
Q

muscles in: medial com of thigh

A
  • gracilis
  • pectineus
  • adductor longus/ brevis/ magnus
31
Q

muscles in: post com of thigh

A
  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
32
Q

muscles in: ant com of leg

A
  • tibialis ant
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • extensor digitorum longus
  • fibularis teritius
33
Q

muscles in: lateral com of leg

A
  • fibularis longus

- fibularis brevis

34
Q

muscles in: post com of leg

A
  • gastrocnemius
  • soleus
  • plantaris
  • deep group
35
Q

nerve supply of lower limbs:

A
  • lumbar plexus (L1 - L3/4)

- sacral plexus (L4 - S3)

36
Q

arterial supply: first part

A
  • common iliac aa.
  • > external/ internal iliac aa.
  • > femoral/ profunda femoris aa.
37
Q

when does ext iliac become femoral aa:

A
  • crosses over the inguinal ligament
38
Q

arterial supply: part 2

A

popliteal aa. -> anterior/ post tibial arteries

39
Q

venous drainage: 2 parts

A
  • deep veins (follow arteries)

- superficial (subcutaneous ct.) drains into deep veins

40
Q

venous drainage: veins

A

common iliac v -> internal/ ext iliac vein -> inferior/ superior gluteal veins -> obturator v -> femoral vein -> popliteal v -> anterior/ post tibial veins

small and great saphenous veins (superficial) -> medial/ lateral marginal v -> dorsal venous arch

41
Q

= pelvis:

A

os coxae

- sacrum and coccyx

42
Q

parts of hip bone:

A

ilium, pubis, ischium

43
Q

pelvis brim:

A

promontory of sacrum, alae of sacrum, arcuate line, pecten pubis, pubic crest
- greater and lesser (false/ true)

44
Q

sex differences of female:

A

female:

  • pelvic inlet circular
  • pubic arch larger (80-85˚)
  • ischial spine don’t project far medially
45
Q

sex differences of male:

A
  • pelvic inlet heart-shaped
  • pubic arch smaller (50-60˚)
  • ischial spine project farther medially
46
Q

hip joint: classification

A

synovial ball and socket

47
Q

hip joint: articulating surfaces

A
  • head of femur

- acetabulum of pelvis (lunate) with labrum

48
Q

hip joint: ligaments (7)

A
  • iliofemoral lig
  • ischiofemoral lig
  • pubofemoral lig
  • acetabular labrum
  • zona orbiularis
  • transverse acetabular lig
  • lig of head of femur
49
Q

hip joint: movements

A
  • flex/ ext
  • abd/ add
  • medial/ lateral rotation (moving greater trochanter forward and backwards)
50
Q

stabilising factors of hip joint:

A
  • deep socket
  • strong ligaments
  • muscles surrounding joint
51
Q

capsular ligaments of hip joint: and features which help stabilise

A

illiofemoral lig

  • pubofemoral lig
  • ischiofemoral lig
  • all 3 ligs spiral around each other so when one lig is relaxed, another would always be taut
52
Q

sacroiliac joint: classification

A

synovial plane

53
Q

sacroiliac joint: articulating surfaces

A

auricular surface of ilium, auricular surface of sacrum

54
Q

sacroiliac joint: ligaments

A
  • interosseous lig
  • anterior sacroiliac lig
  • post sacroiliac lig
  • sacrotuberous lig
  • sacrospinous lig
55
Q

pubic symphysis: classification

A

cartilaginous symphysis

56
Q

pubic symphysis: articulating surfaces

A

pubic bones, symphyseal surfaces (fibrocartilage disc)

57
Q

pubic symphysis: ligaments

A
  • superior pubic

- inferior pubic

58
Q

how much of the femoral and humeral head accepted?

A

glenoid cavity: 1/3

acetabulum: 1/2

2. HLTH 109 (29 decks)

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