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2. HLTH 109 > Forearm, wrist and hand II > Flashcards

Forearm, wrist and hand II Flashcards

1
Q

list muscles that extend, abduct and adduct the hand at the wrist (3): and what layer

A

superficial:

  • extensor carpi radialis longus
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
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2
Q

muscles that extend fingers 2-5: and what layer

A
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor indicis (deep)
  • extensor digiti minimi
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3
Q

muscles that extend or abduct the thumb: and what layer

A

deep:

  • abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • extensor pollicis longus
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4
Q

brief features: carpal tunnel

A
  • anteriorly at the wrist

- carpal bones + flexor retinaculum

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5
Q

bones: carpal tunnel

A

medially:

  • pisiform
  • hook of hamate

laterally tubercles of:

  • scaphoid
  • trapezium
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6
Q

contents: carpal tunnel

A
  • 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
  • 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
  • tendon of flexor pollicus longus
  • median n.
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7
Q

anatomical snuffbox: lateral border

A

tendons:

  • abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis brevis
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8
Q

anatomical snuffbox: medial border

A

tendon of extensor pollicis longus

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9
Q

anatomical snuffbox: floor

A

scaphoid and trapezium

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10
Q

anatomical snuffbox: content

A

radial artery

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11
Q

eg. triphalangeal thumb

A

thumb with extra phalanx, restricted normal ability for opposition etc.

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12
Q

metacarpophalangeal joints: classification

A

synovial, condyloid

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13
Q

metacarpophalangeal joints: articulating surfaces

A

heads of metacarpals, with base of proximal phalanges

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14
Q

metacarpophalangeal joints: ligaments

A

collateral, palmar

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15
Q

metacarpophalangeal joints: movements

A

MCP 1: flexion, extension

MCP 2: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction (axis is middle finger)

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16
Q

proximal interphalangeal joints: classification

A

synovial, hinge

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17
Q

proximal interphalangeal joints: articulating surfaces

A
  • heads of proximal phalanges 2-5

with bases of middle phalanges 2-5

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18
Q

proximal interphalangeal joints: ligaments

A
  • collateral lig (medial and lateral)

- palmar lig

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19
Q

proximal interphalangeal joints: movements

A

flexion, extension

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20
Q

distal interphalangeal joints: classification

A

synovial, hinge

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21
Q

distal interphalangeal joints: articulating surfaces

A

head of middle phalanges 2-5, with bases of distal phalanges 2-5

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22
Q

distal interphalangeal joints: ligaments

A
  • collateral lig (medial and lateral)

- palmar lig

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23
Q

distal interphalangeal joints: movements

A

flexion, extension

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24
Q

interphalangeal joint of thumb: classification

A

synovial, hinge

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25
Q

interphalangeal joint of thumb: articulating surfaces

A
  • head of proximal phalanx of thumb

- base of distal phalanx of thumb

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26
Q

interphalangeal joint of thumb: ligaments

A
  • collateral lig (medial and lateral)

- palmar lig

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27
Q

interphalangeal joint of thumb: movements

A

flexion, extension

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28
Q

extrinsic muscles: anterior, superficial (3)

A
  • flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
  • palmaris longus (PL)
  • flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
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29
Q

extrinsic muscles: anterior, intermediate (1)

A

flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

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30
Q

extrinsic muscles: anterior, deep (2)

A
  • flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

- flexor pollicis longus (FPL)

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31
Q

extrinsic muscles: posterior, superficial (5)

A
  • extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL)
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)
  • extensor digitorum (ED)
  • extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
  • extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
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32
Q

extrinsic muscles: posterior, deep (4)

A
  • abductor pollicis longus (APL)
  • extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)
  • extensor pollicis longus (EPL)
  • extensor indicis (EI)
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33
Q

intrinsic muscles: thenar muscles (3)

A
  • abductor pollicis brevis
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • opponens pollicis
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34
Q

intrinsic muscles: hypothenar muscles (3)

A
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • flexor digiti minimi
  • opponens digiti minimi
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35
Q

intrinsic muscles: dorsal interossei

A

4

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36
Q

intrinsic muscles: palmar interossei

A

4

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37
Q

intrinsic muscles: lumbricals

A

4

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38
Q

intrinsic muscles: extra 2

A
  • adductor pollicis

- palmaris brevis

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39
Q

hand muscles innervated by median nerve:

A

MEat LOAF:

  • Lumbricals 1, 2
  • Opponens pollicis
  • Abductor pollicis brevis
  • Flexor pollicis brevis
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40
Q

palmaris brevis: location

A

dorsum of hand

41
Q

palmaris brevis: origin

A

palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum

42
Q

palmaris brevis: insertion

A

skin (medial margin of hand)

43
Q

palmaris brevis: innervation

A

ulnar nerve

44
Q

palmaris brevis: action

A

improves grip

45
Q

opponens pollicis: location

A

thenar muscle, dorsal

46
Q

opponens pollicis: origin

A

trapezium, flexor retinaculum

47
Q

opponens pollicis: insertion

A

metacarpal 1

48
Q

opponens pollicis: innervation

A

median n

49
Q

opponens pollicis: action

A

medial rotation of the thumb

50
Q

abductor pollicis brevis: location

A

thenar muscle, dorsal

51
Q

abductor pollicis brevis: origin

A

scaphoid, trapezium, flexor retinaculum

52
Q

abductor pollicis brevis: insertion

A

proximal phalanx, extensor hood of the thumb

53
Q

abductor pollicis brevis: innervation

A

median n

54
Q

abductor pollicis brevis: action

A

abducts thumb at MCP joint

55
Q

flexor pollicis brevis: location

A

thenar muscles, dorsal

56
Q

flexor pollicis brevis: origin

A

trapezium, flexor retinaculum

57
Q

flexor pollicis brevis: insertion

A

proximal phalanx of the thumb

58
Q

flexor pollicis brevis: innervation

A

median n

59
Q

flexor pollicis brevis: action

A

flexes thumb at MCP joint

60
Q

opponens digiti minimi: location

A

hypothenar muscle, dorsal

61
Q

opponens digiti minimi: origin

A

hammate, flexor retinaculum

62
Q

opponens digiti minimi: insertion

A

proximal phalanx, extensor hood of pinky

63
Q

opponens digiti minimi: innervation

A

ulnar n

64
Q

opponens digiti minimi: action

A

lateral rotation of pinky

65
Q

abductor digiti minimi: location

A

hypothenar muscle, dorsal

66
Q

abductor digiti minimi: origin

A

pisiform, tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

67
Q

abductor digiti minimi: insertion

A

proximal phalanx, extensor hood of pinky

68
Q

abductor digiti minimi: innervation

A

ulnar n

69
Q

abductor digiti minimi: action

A

abducts pinky at MCP joint

70
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis: location

A

hypothenar muscle, dorsal

71
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis: origin

A

hammate, flexor retinaculum

72
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis: insertion

A

proximal phalanx of pinky

73
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis: innervation

A

ulnar n

74
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis: action

A

flexes pinky at MCP joint

75
Q

abductor pollicis: location

A

dorsum

76
Q

abductor pollicis: origin

A
  • transverse head: metacarpal 3

- oblique head: capitate, metacarpals 2,3 (bases)

77
Q

abductor pollicis: insertion

A

proximal phalanx, extensor hood of the thumb

78
Q

abductor pollicis: innervation

A

ulnar n

79
Q

abductor pollicis: action

A

adduct thumb

80
Q

lumbricals 1-4: origin

A

tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

81
Q

lumbricals 1-4: insertion

A

extensor hoods of medial 4 fingers

82
Q

lumbricals 1-4: innervation

A
  • medial two: ulnar n

- lateral two: median n

83
Q

lumbricals 1-4: action

A

flex MCP while extending interphalangeal joint

84
Q

dorsal interossei: origin

A

adjacent shafts of metacarpals

85
Q

dorsal interossei: insertion

A

extensor hood and base of proximal phalanges of index, middle and ring

86
Q

dorsal interossei: innervation

A

ulnar n

87
Q

dorsal interossei: action

A

abduct index, middle, ring fingers

88
Q

palmar interossei: origin

A

shafts of metacarpals

89
Q

palmar interossei: insertion

A

extensor hoods of thumb, index ring and pinky

- proximal phalanx of thumb

90
Q

palmar interossei: innervation

A

ulnar n

91
Q

palmar interossei: action

A

adduct thumb, index, ring, pinky fingers

92
Q

distinguish actions of palmar vs dorsal interossei muscles:

A

Pad

  • palmar
  • adduct

Dab

  • dorsal
  • abduct
93
Q

(5) fascia of the hand comprise of:

A
  • palmar aponeurosis
  • flexor retinaculum
  • fibrous digital sheaths
  • extensor retinaculum
  • extensor hoods
94
Q

features: palmar aponeurosis

A
  • facilitates grip

- protection

95
Q

features: flexor retinaculum

A
  • forms roof of carpal tunnel

- limits anterior movement of long flexor tendons

96
Q

features: fibrous digital sheaths

A

limits anterior, side to side movement of long flexor tendons of digits
- lined by synovial sheaths (synovial mem) which facilitate movement

97
Q

features: extensor retinaculum

A
  • holds long extensor tendons in place
  • has extensions to bone which forms 6 separate tunnels for the passage of tendons
  • tendons surrounded by synovial sheaths (APL and EPB together 1)
98
Q

features: extensor hood

A

expansions of tendons ED and EPL

2. HLTH 109 (29 decks)

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