Lecture Week 4 Flashcards
Define Sensation
How the senses pick up information from our environment and transmit them to the brain
Define Perception
How the brain organises sensory input and how it interprets sensory information
3 basic principles of sensation and perception
- there is no one-to-one correspondence between physical and psychological reality
- sensation and perception are active processes.
- Sensation and perception are adaptive which serves survival and reproduction
Vestibular
- relates to sense of balance
- located in the inner ear
- alcohol affects the cerebellum and its ability to communicate with the input from vestibular
amplitude
how bright something is
purity
how much light is available
The Eye Structure
- Cornea
- Pupil
- Retina
- Iris
- Lens (behind Cornea)
- Fovea
- Optic Disk or Optic nerve
Cornea
light rays enter the eye here
pupil
Opening just behind the cornea
iris
Gives eye colour
adjusts the pupil to adjust amount of light
lens
behind the pupil
focuses light on to the retina
retina
back surface of the eye
- images are focused upside down
- absorbs light
- processes images and sends these images to the brain
Focus on the Retina
- Key photoreceptors are divided into rods and cones
- at the back of the retina
- Generally Rods are longer and thin while cones are shorter
Fovea
- a small spot in centre of retina
- contains only cones
- greatest visual acuity found here
Colour Vision theory
- Trichromatic and Opponent Process both occur
- ## Trichromatic comes first then Opponent Process
Trichromacy
- There are three types of cones
- Cones are divided into 3 wavelength
- the wavelength determines what colour we see
Colour in Psychological terms
Hue
Temporal half of eye
stimuli in left half of eye are distributed to left hemisphere of brain
- some ipsilateral processing
How are sound waves produced
- vibrations of molecules that travel through some physical medium such as air
- can also be created by making an action quickly through a chamber such as when clapping
Range of human sound
20 Hertz to 20 Kilo Hertz
3 Parts of the ear
Outer
Middle
Inner
Sound Localisation
The ability to detect where a sound is coming from
Proprioception
Proprioception is how your body knows what position it is in. It is the sense that enables us to know where the different parts of our body are, how they are moving, and how much strength our muscles need to use.
