Lecture 9 - Socio-cultural Factors In APA Flashcards
Lecture 9:
What are Socio-Cultural Factors?
Combination of social & cultural factors as they relate to the different groups of people in society & their beliefs, habits, & traditions
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What does the social aspect of socio-cultural factors refer to?
Refers to how one engages with, or relates to society &/or it’s organization
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What is a Society?
A collection of people living in a defined geographical territory
- united by political system & shared sense of self-identification that distinguishes them from others
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How do societies differ?
Each society has a different culture & different forms of social, political, & economic organization
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What does the cultural aspect of socio-cultural factors consist of?
Consists of the ways of life people creases as they participate in a group or society
- encompass all socially invented ways of thinking, feeling, & acting
- some people have more power & resources than others in the culture creation process
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How does physical activity vary in cultures?
As parts of culture, PA & Sports have forms & meaning that vary from one group to the next & vary over time as groups/societies change
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What does the Socio-Cultural system refer to?
Refers to a self-organized movement towards a predefined order
- encompasses interdependent relationships b/w members & their connection to the whole
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What could memberships in socio-cultural systems include?
Family, groups, organizations, & nations
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What do Socio-Cultural Factors influence?
Influence the feelings, attitudes, values, beliefs, & interactions of a population or group
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What are some examples of Socio-Cultural Factors?
- gender identity, sexuality, sex
- ethnicity, race, religion
- ability/disability
- economic status, wealth distribution, education
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What is Socio-Cultural Identity?
Socially constructed categories that have created social & cultural identities that carry heavy meaning in society
- these identities are typically used to classify individuals of these characterizations
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What are some ways Socio-Cultural Identities can be perceived?
Some people can be seen as having more privilege than others
- believes that socially constructed categories are positioned in difference or opposition (held to different expectations)
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How does physical activity members of society learn what to means to be a part of a certain social group?
Through interactions with others
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Define Socio-cultural identity
How individuals engagement with texts is influenced by their investments in activities & their social & cultural identities
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What is the socio-cultural approach & what does it help us understand?
Socio-cultural approach helps us understand how behaviour can be influenced by the ways in which one engages with themselves, their environment, & others
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What does the Social Ecological Model look at?
Recognizes the relationships between individuals & their physical environments
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What does the Social Ecological Model assume about behaviour?
Assumes behaviour results from influences @ multiple levels
- environmental factors influence behaviour directly & indirectly through individual’s perceptions
- PA interventions most likely to be effective when targeting multiple levels
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What are the 5 levels, from highest to lowest, of the Social Ecological Model?
*define each
1.) Policy - federal, state, & local legislation
2.) Community - cities, neighborhoods, & norms
3.) Institutional - organizations, schools, & workplaces
4.) Interpersonal - friends, family, & social networks
5.) Individual - knowledge, attitudes, skills, & behaviours
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What is Intersectionality?
Provides a lens to understand individual’s multiple social identities & how these interact to shape experiences in specific contexts
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What does Intersectionality consider?
The meaning of membership in multiple social groups to understand individual’s complex experiences
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What does intersectionality contribute to?
Intersections of social identities contribute to our own unique experiences & the ways in which our lives are meaningfully different from one another
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What may be experienced when aspects of our social identity overlap?
May experience interlocking systems of privilege & oppression
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What is the intersectionality framework used to understand?
Understanding how individuals multiple & complex identities influence experiences of disadvantage
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What are 4 points that come up according to the intersectionality perspective?
1.) Inequities are never a result of single factors
2.) Dynamics of privilege changes with context
3.) Intersecting identities are rarely understood
4.) Social injustices are often overlapping & create many levels of social injustice
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What is Stigma?
Shame or inferior status that people consciously or unconsciously give to others they perceive as “different”
- stigma typically felt due to intersecting identities
- difference of any socio-cultural identity
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When discussing stigma, what is ableism?
Expecting people with disabilities to always adjust to a world that doesn’t consider their needs
- Centered on a narrow range of “normal” & discriminates against the many diverse ways of functioning in the world
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How are stigma & ableism related?
Stigma happens when we look at people with disabilities from an ableist POV
*hierarchy of preference towards disability
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What is intersectional thinking & what does it require?
Requires a willingness to listen to unfamiliar insights to understand issues that may affect certain social groups or individuals
- must hear their voices, experiences, practices, & histories no matter how comfortable
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When discussing Social Identity mapping, what are the 10 things included in the 1st tier of social identity?
Economic Class
Citizenship
Ability/Disability
Age
Race
Sexual Orientation
Gender Identity
Cis/Trans
Education
Religious Beliefs
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When discussing Social Identity mapping, what is included in the 2nd tier of life impact?
Looks at how social identities impact your lives;
- positions you may hold
- values attached to identities
- interpretations of events/interactions
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When discussing Social Identity mapping, what is included in the 3rd tier of emotions?
Identifies emotions or feelings that may be tied to details of your social identity
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What are 2 things to remember when considering how socio-cultural factors may influence APA participation?
- consult the intersectionality framework
- remember that those with disabilities are often faced with additional challenges
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Who must design APA interventions & how?
Health care providers, educators, & policy makers must design interventions around specific cultural norms, community factors, & individual motivations that can affect health related behaviours
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What was the most significant predictor of attitudes towards inclusion in school?
Gender was most significant predictor of attitude towards inclusion across schools
- girls have more affirmative attitudes towards inclusion & greater acceptance of diverse PE
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What are 4 types of Barriers to exercise?
1.) Intrapersonal
2.) Information
3.) Resource
4.) Socio-cultural
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What is the Intrapersonal Barrier to exercise?
Barriers such as physical limitations or lack of time
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What is the Information Barrier to exercise?
Lack of health care provider guidance
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What is the Resource Barrier to exercise?
Financial constraints, lack of neighborhood facilities, & resources
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What is the Socio-cultural Barrier to exercise?
Influence of culture; ie African American
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Wha are 2 facilitators to exercise?
1.) Group exercise - provides social aspect
2.) Affordable & accessible exercise facilities
