Communicative Disorders - Presentation Flashcards
What 3 things are impacted by Communicative Disorders?
1.) Speech - difficulty pronouncing words clearly
2.) Language - challenges w sentences/grammar
3.) Comprehension - struggles processing verbal or written information
What are a few examples of Communicative Disorders?
- Autism
- ADHD
- Down Syndrome
- Speech & Language Disorders
- Hearing Disorders/Deafness
How many school-aged children experience speech/language disorders?
About 10% of children have a speech & language limitation upon registering for school
When discussing types of communicative disorders, what are Language Disorders?
- limited vocabulary
- impaired sentence structure
- difficulty understanding complex language
When discussing types of communicative disorders, what are Speech Sound Disorders?
- difficulty pronouncing sounds like “r” or “s”
- Lisps
- Substitution of one sound for another
When discussing types of communicative disorders, what are Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorders?
- Frequent repetitions (eg; b-b-b-basketball)
- Sound prolongations (eg; sssssnake)
- Blocks where speech is interrupted (eg; stutter)
When discussing types of communicative disorders, what are Pragmatic Disorders?
- difficulty understanding sarcasm
- difficulties taking turns in conversation
- difficulties adjusting speech based on social context
When discussing types of communicative disorders, what are Unspecified Disorders?
- mix of symptoms from different categories
- symptoms don’t fit into one specific disorder
What are the two categories that Communicative Disorders typically fall into?
1.) Developmental Causes - present from birth to early childhood
2.) Acquired Causes - resulting from injury, illness, or environmental factors
What are the 4 key factors that account for the Developmental Causes of Communicative Disorders?
1.) Genetics - autism, Down syndrome, & apraxia
2.) Prenatal - maternal infections, substance abuse/exposure, & genetic abnormalities
3.) Perinatal - birth asphyxia & premature birth
4.) Structural - brain infections, severe jaundice, & early childhood neglect
What are the 4 key factors that account for the Aquired Causes of Communicative Disorders?
1.) Neurological Causes - stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), & Parkinson’s disease
2.) Hearing Impairments - noise induced loss
3.) Structural Issues - vocal cord damage
4.) Psychosocial Factors - trauma, anxiety, & social deprivation
What % of American Population have a communicative disorder?
5-10%
How many Canadians have a significant communicative disorder
Over 440,000
What are 5 Cognitive Features of someone with a Communicative Disorder?
1.) Attention - easily distracted, interupts, & unilateral neglect
2.) Visual Processing - difficulty interpreting facial expressions, reading signs, & navigation
3.) Memory - trouble recalling information, following instructions, & forgetful
4.) Executive Functioning - lack of awareness, unmotivated, & behaviour control struggles
5.) Difficulty Communicating
What are 3 Emotional features of someone with a Communicative Disorder?
- Frustration & anxiety
- Social withdrawal
- Impact on self-esteem
What are 3 Social features/implications of someone with a Communicative Disorder?
1.) Social Isolation - communication barriers make it challenging to engage in social interactions leading to loneliness & exclusion
2.) Strained Relationships - frustrations that lead to conflicts & weakened connections w others
3.) Stigmatization - unfairly judged which effects mental health & self-esteem
What are 3 main barriers faced by those with a communicative disorder?
1.) Social & Psychological Barriers
2.) Communication & Accessibility
3.) Institutional & Structural Barriers
When discussing barriers faced by those with a communicative disorder, what are some Social & Psychological Barriers?
- fear of judgement & low self-esteem
- difficulty making social connections & lack of role models in sport
- stereotypes & stigmas
- mental health challenges
- lack of motivation & fear of failure
When discussing barriers faced by those with a communicative disorder, what are some Communication & Accessibility Barriers?
- troubles understanding instruction
- lack of assistive devices & inadequate support
- inconsistent communication for staff & peers
When discussing barriers faced by those with a communicative disorder, what are some Institutional & Structural Barriers?
- lack of appropriate adaptations
- financial constraints
- lack of diversity in leadership roles
What are some Social & Physiological Management Strategies for communicative disorders?
- encourage growth
- normalize differences
- mentorship & buddy systems
- promote inclusive cultures
What are some Communicative & Accessibility Management Strategies for communicative disorders?
- break instructions into simple & clear steps
- Augmentative & Alternative Communication
- multiformat instructions - verbal, written, visual
What are some Institutional & Structural Management Strategies for communicative disorders?
- financial assistance programs
- diversity & inclusion training
- flexible rules for drills
What is Augmentative & Alternative Communication (AAC) used for?
- enhance or substitute speech
- promote language development & clarity
- allows non-verbal people to express themselves in other ways
- lowers frustration while enhancing QOL
What are some No/Low Tech Augmentative & Alternative Communication (AAC) examples?
- gestures & facial expressions
- sign language
- drawing or using photos
- spelling words by pointing to letters
What are some High Tech Augmentative & Alternative Communication (AAC) examples?
- picture exchange communication system (PECS)
- Speech-generating devices
- Text to speech apps
What are 5 Goals of the Speech Therapy Interventions?
1.) overall language development
2.) develop language production, processing, & expressing themselves
3.) Improve everyday communication
4.) build on social skills
5.) learn new vocabulary
What are the goals of using equipment/aids for communicative disorders intervention?
1.) provides optimal support & access to AAC
2.) helping individuals by aiding through other communication modes - promotes understanding & processing of language
Using the STEP Framework, how could you adapt the Space for individuals with communicative disorders?
- reduce size of environment
- reduce background noise for improved focus
- arrange seating in semicircle to allow eye contact & lip/expression reading
Using the STEP Framework, how could you adapt the Task for individuals with communicative disorders?
- breakdown complex instructions
- use non-verbal cues such as gestures
- allow extra time for comprehension & response
Using the STEP Framework, how could you adapt the Equipment for individuals with communicative disorders?
- use visual aids
- incorporate technology
- use visual timers, indicators, & vibrating wristbands to signal
Using the STEP Framework, how could you adapt the People for individuals with communicative disorders?
- train instructors & teammates in communication strategies
- pairs individuals with communicating partners
- create smaller groups for better communication
