Deafness & Hearing Impairments - Presentation Flashcards
What is Conductive Hearing Loss?
- occurs when sound is prevented from entering the inner ear due to a blockage & causes muffled hearing in
How is Conductive Hearing Loss typically treated?
Often treated with medications or surgery
What is Sensorineural Hearing Loss?
Occurs when inner ear or nerve is damaged causing difficulty hearing high frequency sounds
- Tennitus (ringing in the ears) may result
What is the Rinne & Weber Test?
- define “rinne” & define “Webster”
Test that tells us what kind of hearing loss one may have
- Rinne = tuning fork placed by ear that tells when you can no longer hear
- Webster = tool placed mid forehead to tell which ear you hear better in
What are 4 main ways someone can become deaf or lose hearing?
1.) Prenatal
2.) Perinatal
3.) Childhood
4.) Adulthood
What are some Prenatal factors that may cause a child to be born deaf or with hearing loss?
- Genetics
- Infections (measles, premature or toxic plasmodia)
- Maternal Factors (alcohol/drug abuse, diabetes)
What are some Perinatal factors that may cause a child to be born deaf or with hearing loss?
- Birth Asphyxia (due to prolonged birth)
- Congenital Abnormalities (bone in ear displaced)
- Jaundice
- Group B Streptococcus (transferred from mom to baby during birth)
What are some factors that may cause a child to become deaf or lose hearing during Childhood?
- Infections (meningitis or Lotitus Media)
- Loud noises
- Head trauma
What are some factors that may cause an Adult to become deaf or lose hearing during Adulthood?
- Age
- Tinnitus
- Osteosclerosis
- Presbititus
When discussing hearing loss/deafness in Adulthood, What is Tinnitus?
Ringing or other noises experienced in one or both ears when there is no external sounds actually happening & typically treated with hearing aids
When discussing hearing loss/deafness in Adulthood, What is Osteosclerosis?
Abnormal bone growth in middle of ear impacting movement of ear ossicles
How many people experience hearing loss globally?
1.5 billion people experience hearing loss
- 430million with disabling hearing loss
What countries are most impacted by Hearing loss?
Low & middle class countries
What % of the Canadian population have hearing loss?
38%
How many Canadians over 15 years have a hearing disability?
1.3million (5%) of Canadians 15+ have a hearing disability
What %/how many Canadians that require hearing aids report not using them?
66% of Canadians dont use hearing aids when they need them, that is 319 thousand people
What is Conductive vs Sensorineural deafness/hearing loss?
Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound transmission is blocked in the outer or middle ear, while sensorineural hearing loss happens due to damage to the inner ear (hair cells) or auditory nerve.
What are some reasons that cause Conductive hearing loss?
- fluid
- foreign objects
- allergies
- ruptured eardrum
- impacted earwax
What are some reasons that cause Sensorineural hearing loss?
- Aging
- Noise damage
- Drug side effects
- Auditory tumours
- Blasts/explosions
What are 3 reasons that cause both Sensorineural & Conductive hearing loss?
- genetic disorders
- infections
- head trauma
What is most common; Sensorineural or Conductive hearing loss?
85-95% is Sensorineural deafness/hearing loss
What are some physical features of someone who is deaf or has hearing loss?
- No single feature as deafness is a sensory disability not a physical one & all are unique
- Possible balance issues due to poor connection b/w vestibular & auditory systems
- hearing aid or cochlear implant used
What are some Cognitive features of someone who is deaf or has hearing loss?
- Distinct Speech Patterns ~ due to limited auditory feedback (rely on body language & facial expressions
- Heightened Visual-Spatial Skills ~ strong peripheral vision & can process many sources
- Communication & Social Skills ~ can go between different modes of communication
What are some Emotional features of someone who is deaf or has hearing loss?
- Frustration & Isolation (language & communication barriers)
- Resilience & Problem Solving
- Confidence & Self-Advocacy (especially as they age)
What are some Social features of someone who is deaf or has hearing loss?
- Strong deaf community & cultural identity (social support & sense of belonging provided)
- Different Social Norms (more structured convos)
- Importance of Early Socialization & Identity Formation
What are a couple management strategies for deafness/hearing impaired?
- Hearing Aids
- Cochlear Implants
- Bone Anchored Hearing Aids
- FM System
- Captioning
- Learning Languages
How are Hearing Aids used as a Management Strategy?
- make sounds louder & can be worn by all ages
- can help babies learn different sounds if used at young age (helps speech/language development)
How are Cochlear Implants used as a Management Strategy?
- send signals directly to hearing nerve
- beneficial for small/abnormal cochlea’s
- used when hearing aids wouldn’t help/work
How are Bone Anchored Hearing Aids used as a Management Strategy?
- used for conductive, mixed, or unilateral hearing loss
- good for children who cant wear certain hearing aids
How are FM System used as a Management Strategy?
Sends sounds from a microphone to the individual wearing the receiver & is great for students
How is Captioning used as a Management Strategy?
Used on devices to show conversation being spoken
What are some Intrapersonal Barriers?
- reduced self confidence & self-efficacy
- fear of being a burden
- frustration/lack of patience
- anxiety/stress
Eg; always having to ask for repetition
What are some Interpersonal Barriers?
- shaming, stigmatizing, & bullying
- feelings of isolation/exclusion
- challenges in group activities
- lot of focus on disability rather than their ability
What are some Structural Barriers?
- lack of public interpreters
- technology devices are expensive
- workplace accessibility = limited jobs
- Emergency systems (sometimes sound but no ligths)
What are some Sociocultural Barriers?
- limited education on sign language
- ability segregation
- lack of leadership opportunities
- lack of experiences in PA
How could you use the STEP Framework to adapt the Space for someone who is deaf/hard of hearing?
- limit background noise/distractions
- well-lit spaces
How could you use the STEP Framework to adapt the Task for someone who is deaf/hard of hearing?
- have white boards for instructions
- use flags instead of whistles (visual)
- face players when giving instructions
How could you use the STEP Framework to adapt the Equipment for someone who is deaf/hard of hearing?
- use bright coloured objects
- have vibrating wristbands
- flashing lights
- colour-coded/symbolism
How could you use the STEP Framework to adapt the People for someone who is deaf/hard of hearing?
- Have microphone or people speak loudly
- use a buddy system
- emphasis on facial expressions/body language
- sign language
What are the 4 main goals of Intervention?
- ensure all students have clear understanding
- all students can participate to best of ability
- welcoming & supportive environment to build confidence & self-esteem
- support development of physical & fundamental skills in a way that is inclusive for everyone
