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ANAT-316 > Lecture 9 - Face & Muscles of Facial Expression > Flashcards

Lecture 9 - Face & Muscles of Facial Expression Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 groups of muscles of facial expression?

A

orbital, nasal and oral

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2
Q

What are the muscles of the orbital group?

A

occipitofrontalis and orbicularis oculi

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3
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

A

spans between skin / subcutaneous tissue of forehead & superior nuchal line with epicranial aponeurosis in the middle

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4
Q

What is the function of the occipitofrontalis?

A

elevates eyebrows, wrinkles forehead, & pulls scalp posteriorly

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5
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the orbicularis oculi?

A

spans between medial orbital margin / lacrimal bone &
skin around margin of orbit

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6
Q

What is the function of the orbicularis oculi?

A

voluntary closure of eyelid; squinting / forceful closure of the eye

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7
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the orbital and nasal groups?

A
  1. depressor supercilii
  2. corrugator supercilii
  3. procerus
  4. nasalis
  5. levator labii superioris alaquae nasi
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8
Q

What is the function of the depressor supercilii?

A

depresses eyebrows

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9
Q

What is the function of the corrugator supercilii?

A

pulls eyebrows medially and inferiorly

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10
Q

What is the function of the procerus?

A

pulls eyebrows medially and inferiorly

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11
Q

What is the function of the nasalis?

A

depresses and/or flares nostrils; wrinkles nose

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12
Q

What is the function of the levator labii superioris alaquae nasi?

A

flares nostrils and elevates upper lip + side of nose

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13
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the first part of the oral group?

A
  1. orbicularis oris
  2. levator labii superioris
  3. levator anguli oris
  4. zygomaticus major
  5. zygomaticus minor
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14
Q

What is the function of the orbicularis oris?

A

compresses and protrudes the lips; resists distension when blowing

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15
Q

What is the function of the levator labii superioris?

A

elevates upper lip

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16
Q

What is the function of the levator anguli oris?

A

elevates the corners of the mouth; assists with smiling

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17
Q

What is the function of the zygomaticus major?

A

pulls the corner of the mouth superiorly and laterally (smiling)

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18
Q

What is the function of the zygomaticus minor?

A

pulls the upper lip superiorly and laterally

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19
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the second part of the oral group?

A
  1. depressor angli oris
  2. depressor labii inferioris
  3. mentalis
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20
Q

What is the function of the depressor angli oris?

A

depresses the corner of the mouth

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21
Q

What is the function of the depressor labii inferioris?

A

depresses the lower lip

22
Q

What is the function of the mentalis?

A

elevates and protrudes the lower lip -> pouting

23
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the third part of the oral group called?

A
  1. risorius
  2. platysma
  3. buccinator
24
Q

What is the function of the risorius?

A

retracts the corner of the mouth -> fake / forced smile”

25
Q

What is the function of the platysma?

A

depresses skin of lower face & mouth; tenses skin of neck; aids forced depression of mandible

26
Q

What is the function of the buccinator?

A

presses cheek against molars; suckling (nursing infant); resists distension of cheeks; draws mouth to one side

27
Q

Which duct pierces the buccinator?

A

the parotid duct

28
Q

What is the modiolus?

A

an anatomical landmark at the corner of the mouth where several of muscles
of facial expression converge / intersect

29
Q

Which 6 muscles meet at the modiolus?

A
  1. zyg. maj
  2. buccinator
  3. risorius
  4. obicularis oris
  5. lev. anguli oris
  6. dep. anguli oris
30
Q

What does the modiolus allow?

A

for integration / coordination of multiple
facial muscles at once

31
Q

What happens to the modiolus as we age?

A

begins to droop
& sink

32
Q

What are all muscles of facial expression innervated by?

A

facial nerve (and its 5 branches)

33
Q

What does Bell’s Palsy lead to?

A

weakness or paralysis in muscles of facial expression on ipsilateral side

34
Q

Where does injury happen in Bell’s Palsy?

A

facial nerve or motor branches

35
Q

What nerve does Ramsay Hunt Syndrome affect?

A

CN VII

36
Q

What virus can later reactivate in Ramsay Hunt Syndrome?

A

shingles or chicken pox

37
Q

What is sensory innervation of the face carried by?

A

the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve (opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular)

38
Q

Which level does the bifurcation of the common carotid artery happen?

A

C4

39
Q

What are the names of the 8 arteries that supply the head?

A
  1. superior thyroid artery
  2. ascending pharyngeal artery
  3. lingual artery
  4. facial artery
  5. occipital artery
  6. posterior auricular artery
  7. maxillary artery
  8. superficial temporal artery
40
Q

What two arteries give blood to the face?

A

facial artery and lingual artery

41
Q

What are the 8 arteries of the face?

A
  1. supraorbital artery
  2. infraorbital artery
  3. transverse facial artery
  4. ophthalmic artery
  5. facial artery
  6. maxillary artery
  7. superficial temporal artery
  8. external carotid artery
42
Q

What are the 3 arterial anastomoses of the face?

A
  1. supraorbital artery and angular artery
  2. infraorbital artery and angular artery
  3. transverse facial artery and angular artery
43
Q

What does the superficial venous drainage of the face pattern match?

A

the arterial supply patterns

44
Q

What is the cavernous sinus?

A

‘gateway’ for infection to spread into other veins in cranial cavity

45
Q

Where do the opthalmic veins drain into?

A

cavernous sinus

46
Q

What is the facial vein a continuation of?

A

the angular vein

47
Q

Where does the facial vein drain into?

A

internal jugular vein

48
Q

What are the facial veins closely linked to?

A

the cavernous sinus

49
Q

What does the cavernous sinus spread?

A

infected blood clots and other infections

50
Q

What is the danger triangle of the face?

A

bridge of nose to corners of mouth

ANAT-316 (25 decks)

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