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ANAT-316 > Lecture 11 - Oral Cavity, Salivary Glands, & Palates > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - Oral Cavity, Salivary Glands, & Palates Flashcards

1
Q

What is the oral cavity divided into?

A

oral cavity proper and the oral vestibule

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2
Q

What forms the roof of the mouth?

A

hard palate and soft palate

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3
Q

What forms the floor of the mouth?

A

mylohyoid and geniohyoid

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4
Q

What forms the posterior boundary of the mouth?

A

oropharyngeal isthmus

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5
Q

What forms the anterior wall of the mouth?

A

inner surface of lips

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6
Q

What forms the lateral walls of the mouth?

A

buccinator muscles and inner cheeks

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7
Q

What are the parts of the tongue?

A
  1. foramen cecum
  2. valleculae
  3. terminal sulcus
  4. lingual tonsil
  5. midline groove
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8
Q

What provides sensory innervation (taste + general) to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

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9
Q

What provides sensory innervation (taste) to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

facial nerve CN VII

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10
Q

What provides sensory information (general) to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

lingual nerve CN V3

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11
Q

What are the 4 extrinsic tongue muscles?

A
  1. genioglossus
  2. hyoglossus
  3. styloglossus
  4. palatoglossus
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12
Q

What is the action performed by genioglossus?

A

protrusion and lateral deviation of the tongue

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13
Q

What is the action performed by hyoglossus?

A

depression and retraction of the tongue

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14
Q

What is the action performed by styloglossus?

A

elevates and retracts the tongue

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15
Q

What is the action performed by palatoglossus?

A

elevation of tongue/depression of soft palate

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16
Q

What innervates the extrinsic tongue muscles?

A

the hypoglossal nerve, except the palatoglossus muscle which is innervated by the vagus nerve

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17
Q

What are the 3 intrinsic tongue muscles?

A
  1. longitudinal mm.
  2. vertical mm.
  3. transverse mm.
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18
Q

What is the function of longitudinal muscles?

A

shorten the tongue

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19
Q

What is the function of the vertical muscles?

A

flatten and widen the tongue

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20
Q

What is the function of the transverse muscles?

A

narrow and thicken the tongue

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21
Q

What are the intrinsic tongue muscles innervated by?

A

hypoglossal nerve CN XII

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22
Q

What nerve innervates the palatoglossus muscle?

A

the vagus nerve

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23
Q

Which artery and vein provide vasculature to the tongue?

A

the lingual artery and vein

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24
Q

What is the lingual artery a branch of?

A

the external carotid artery

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25
What does the lingual vein drain into?
internal jugular vein
26
What are the 3 pairs of major salivary glands?
parotid glands, sublingual glands, submandibular glands
27
What do the three pairs of major salivary glands produce and secrete?
95% of saliva
28
What are the key functions of saliva?
* Moistens oral mucosa * Lubricates food during mastication to facilitate swallowing * Begins starch breakdown (amylase) * Antimicrobial effects * Promotes remineralization of teeth * Buffers pH in oral cavity
29
Which ganglion is the location of synapse in parasympathetic pathway to the parotid gland?
otic ganglion
30
Which ganglion is the location of synapse in parasympathetic pathway to the submandibular & sublingual glands?
submandibular gangion
31
Which nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to parotid gland?
glossopharyngeal nerve
32
Which nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands?
facial nerve
33
What does the submandibular gland do?
"chomps" mylohyoid muscle
34
Where is the sublingual gland located?
inferior to tongue
35
What does the parotid duct pierce en route to the oral cavity?
buccinator
36
Where do the parotid glands, sublingual glands and submandibular glands drain?
into oral cavity through several different ducts and papillar
37
What are the 3 ducts/papilla that the salivary glands drain into?
1. smaller sublingual ducts 2. sublingual caruncle 3. parotid papilla
38
Where are the smaller sublingual ducts located?
along elevated crest of mucous membrane
39
What two ducts make up the sublingual caruncle?
submandibular duct and major sublingual duct
40
Where do the parotid papilla face?
the maxillary molars
41
Which pair of salivary glands were discovered in 2020 using advanced imaging techniques?
the tubarial glands
42
What kind of glands are the tubarial glands?
mucous
43
Where are the ducts of the tubarial glands found?
near the opening of auditory tube
44
What is the whole palate covered in?
mucosa
45
What is the superior palate responsible for?
respiratory
46
What is the inferior palate responsible for?
oral
47
How much of the palate does the hard palate comprise?
the anterior 2/3
48
What 2 bones make up the hard palate?
maxillae and palatine bones
49
How much of the palate does the soft palate comprise?
posterior 1/3
50
What two parts make up the soft palate?
the anterior aponeurotic part and the posterior muscular part
51
What makes up the curved posterior free end of the palate?
the uvula
52
What part of the maxilla makes up the hard palate?
the palatine process
53
Which part of the palatine bone makes up the hard plate?
the horizontal plate
54
What are the 4 muscles of the soft palate?
1. tensor veli palatini 2. levator veli palatini 3. musculus uvulae 4. palatopharyngeus
55
What are all the muscles of the soft palate innervated by (except tensor veli palatini)
the vagus nerve
56
What nerve innervates the tensor veli palatini?
mandibular nerve CN V3
57
What provides sensory innervation to the soft palate muscles?
greater and lesser palatine nerves (CN V2)
58
What 3 nerves innervate the palate?
greater and lesser palatine nerves + nasopalatine nerve (CN V2)
59
Which nerve innervates the anterior part of the palate?
nasopalatine nerve
60
Which nerve innervates the middle part of the palate?
greater palatine nerve
61
Which nerve innervates the posterior part of the palate?
the lesser palatine nerve
62
Which artery supplies the palate?
greater & lesser branches of descending palatine artery
63
Where do the greater & lesser branches of descending palatine artery come from?
maxillary artery

ANAT-316 (25 decks)

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