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ANAT-316 > Lecture 11 - Oral Cavity, Salivary Glands, & Palates > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - Oral Cavity, Salivary Glands, & Palates Flashcards

1
Q

What is the oral cavity divided into?

A

oral cavity proper and the oral vestibule

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2
Q

What forms the roof of the mouth?

A

hard palate and soft palate

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3
Q

What forms the floor of the mouth?

A

mylohyoid and geniohyoid

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4
Q

What forms the posterior boundary of the mouth?

A

oropharyngeal isthmus

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5
Q

What forms the anterior wall of the mouth?

A

inner surface of lips

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6
Q

What forms the lateral walls of the mouth?

A

buccinator muscles and inner cheeks

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7
Q

What are the parts of the tongue?

A
  1. foramen cecum
  2. valleculae
  3. terminal sulcus
  4. lingual tonsil
  5. midline groove
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8
Q

What provides sensory innervation (taste + general) to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

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9
Q

What provides sensory innervation (taste) to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

facial nerve CN VII

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10
Q

What provides sensory information (general) to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

lingual nerve CN V3

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11
Q

What are the 4 extrinsic tongue muscles?

A
  1. genioglossus
  2. hyoglossus
  3. styloglossus
  4. palatoglossus
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12
Q

What is the action performed by genioglossus?

A

protrusion and lateral deviation of the tongue

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13
Q

What is the action performed by hyoglossus?

A

depression and retraction of the tongue

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14
Q

What is the action performed by styloglossus?

A

elevates and retracts the tongue

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15
Q

What is the action performed by palatoglossus?

A

elevation of tongue/depression of soft palate

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16
Q

What innervates the extrinsic tongue muscles?

A

the hypoglossal nerve, except the palatoglossus muscle which is innervated by the vagus nerve

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17
Q

What are the 3 intrinsic tongue muscles?

A
  1. longitudinal mm.
  2. vertical mm.
  3. transverse mm.
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18
Q

What is the function of longitudinal muscles?

A

shorten the tongue

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19
Q

What is the function of the vertical muscles?

A

flatten and widen the tongue

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20
Q

What is the function of the transverse muscles?

A

narrow and thicken the tongue

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21
Q

What are the intrinsic tongue muscles innervated by?

A

hypoglossal nerve CN XII

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22
Q

What nerve innervates the palatoglossus muscle?

A

the vagus nerve

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23
Q

Which artery and vein provide vasculature to the tongue?

A

the lingual artery and vein

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24
Q

What is the lingual artery a branch of?

A

the external carotid artery

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25
Q

What does the lingual vein drain into?

A

internal jugular vein

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26
Q

What are the 3 pairs of major salivary glands?

A

parotid glands, sublingual glands, submandibular glands

27
Q

What do the three pairs of major salivary glands produce and secrete?

A

95% of saliva

28
Q

What are the key functions of saliva?

A
  • Moistens oral mucosa
  • Lubricates food during mastication to facilitate
    swallowing
  • Begins starch
    breakdown (amylase)
  • Antimicrobial effects
  • Promotes
    remineralization of teeth
  • Buffers pH in oral cavity
29
Q

Which ganglion is the location of synapse in parasympathetic pathway to the parotid gland?

A

otic ganglion

30
Q

Which ganglion is the location of synapse in parasympathetic pathway to the submandibular & sublingual glands?

A

submandibular gangion

31
Q

Which nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to parotid gland?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

32
Q

Which nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands?

A

facial nerve

33
Q

What does the submandibular gland do?

A

“chomps” mylohyoid muscle

34
Q

Where is the sublingual gland located?

A

inferior to tongue

35
Q

What does the parotid duct pierce en route to the oral cavity?

A

buccinator

36
Q

Where do the parotid glands, sublingual glands and submandibular glands drain?

A

into oral cavity through several different ducts and papillar

37
Q

What are the 3 ducts/papilla that the salivary glands drain into?

A
  1. smaller sublingual ducts
  2. sublingual caruncle
  3. parotid papilla
38
Q

Where are the smaller sublingual ducts located?

A

along elevated crest of mucous membrane

39
Q

What two ducts make up the sublingual caruncle?

A

submandibular duct and major sublingual duct

40
Q

Where do the parotid papilla face?

A

the maxillary molars

41
Q

Which pair of salivary glands were discovered in 2020 using advanced imaging techniques?

A

the tubarial glands

42
Q

What kind of glands are the tubarial glands?

43
Q

Where are the ducts of the tubarial glands found?

A

near the opening of auditory tube

44
Q

What is the whole palate covered in?

45
Q

What is the superior palate responsible for?

A

respiratory

46
Q

What is the inferior palate responsible for?

47
Q

How much of the palate does the hard palate comprise?

A

the anterior 2/3

48
Q

What 2 bones make up the hard palate?

A

maxillae and palatine bones

49
Q

How much of the palate does the soft palate comprise?

A

posterior 1/3

50
Q

What two parts make up the soft palate?

A

the anterior aponeurotic part and the posterior muscular part

51
Q

What makes up the curved posterior free end of the palate?

52
Q

What part of the maxilla makes up the hard palate?

A

the palatine process

53
Q

Which part of the palatine bone makes up the hard plate?

A

the horizontal plate

54
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the soft palate?

A
  1. tensor veli palatini
  2. levator veli palatini
  3. musculus uvulae
  4. palatopharyngeus
55
Q

What are all the muscles of the soft palate innervated by (except tensor veli palatini)

A

the vagus nerve

56
Q

What nerve innervates the tensor veli palatini?

A

mandibular nerve CN V3

57
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the soft palate muscles?

A

greater and lesser palatine nerves (CN V2)

58
Q

What 3 nerves innervate the palate?

A

greater and lesser palatine nerves + nasopalatine nerve (CN V2)

59
Q

Which nerve innervates the anterior part of the palate?

A

nasopalatine nerve

60
Q

Which nerve innervates the middle part of the palate?

A

greater palatine nerve

61
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior part of the palate?

A

the lesser palatine nerve

62
Q

Which artery supplies the palate?

A

greater & lesser branches of
descending palatine artery

63
Q

Where do the greater & lesser branches of descending palatine artery come from?

A

maxillary artery

ANAT-316 (25 decks)

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