lecture 9-10 - Protein

Question 1

Protein

Answer 1

Any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms

Question 2

Protein functions

Answer 2

Structure, contractile, regulate gene expression, biochem reactions, immune response, transport, endocrine

Question 3

Protein structure

Answer 3

amino acids -> peptide -> polypeptide -> protein (there are 20 different amino acids used to make proteins)

Question 4

Three categories amino acids

Answer 4

(Indispensable, essential) n=9 , Disepensable (non-essential) n=5, conditionally indispensable (essential under certain conditions) n=6

Question 5

Limiting amino acid

Answer 5

When an essential (indispensable) amino acid is not provided the inadequate amount in the diet, protein synthesis is limited to the rate at which the essential amino acid is available (corresponds to it)

Question 6

Protein digestion in stomach

Answer 6

(Mouth = Only physical digestion) (Stomach = First place of chemical digestion) HCL (denatures protein) and enzyme called proteases (made by pancreas, pancreatic juice) break protein down into small chains of amino acids (unravel protein, expose polypeptide chain)

Question 7

Protein digestion in small intestine

Answer 7

Chymotrypsin and trypsin, trypsin activates proteases (peptidases) helping to break protein down into tripeptides, dipeptides and amino acids

Question 8

Consequences overeating protein

Answer 8

Increased in body weight (significant) and in body fat (as excess protein can be stored as fat)