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Diagnostic Imaging > Lecture 7: Joints and soft tissue > Flashcards

Lecture 7: Joints and soft tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What wrong

A

lytic lesions in carpus

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2
Q

what wrong. Focal of systemic

A
  1. Subluxation of tarsus from metatarsus
  2. Increase distance in calcaneous joint
  3. Soft tissue swelling

Systemic- involving more than one joint

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3
Q

what is a joint

A

site of junction or union of two or more bones in the body

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4
Q

what is osteoarthritis

A

inflammation of joint

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5
Q

what is osteoarthrosis

A

degeneration of joint

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6
Q

what are the two basic principles/what lead to arthritis

A
  1. Abnormal stresses on normal cartilage
  2. Normal stress on abnormal cartilage
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7
Q

what are causes of erosive joints

A

infectious, neoplasia, chronic hemarthrosis

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8
Q

what are some causes of non-erosive joints

A

osteoarthrosis

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9
Q

what is ankylosis

A

fusion of joints- end stage or arthritis

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10
Q

what causes monoarthrosis/itis

A

osteoarthrosis, traumatic infection

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11
Q

what wrong and is this monoarthrosis/itis or poly

A
  1. Soft tissue swelling
  2. Irregular epiphysis
  3. Subluxation

Monoarthrosis/itis

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12
Q

what wrong and is it monoarthrosis/itis or poly

A

Bone proliferation
Monoarthrosis

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13
Q

What causes polyarthrosis/itis

A

immune mediated, hematogenous infection

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14
Q

What is an example of a plane joint

A

articular processes

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15
Q

what are two examples of a hinge joint

A

fetlock, elbow

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16
Q

what are two examples of a pivot joint

A

atlas, axis

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17
Q

what is an example of a condylar joint

A

stifle

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18
Q

what is an example of an ellipsoidal joint

A

carpus

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19
Q

what is an example of a saddle joint

A

digits

20
Q

what are two examples of a spheroidal joint

A

hip, shoulder

21
Q

how does the articular cartilage get nutrients

A

joint fluid

22
Q

t or f: articular cartilage has blood supply

A

false

23
Q

how can you make articular cartilage more visible in rads

A

add contrast

24
Q

injected air to better visualize articular cartilage- identify 1-3

A
  1. OCD
  2. Joint capsule
  3. Articular cartilage
25
Q

what are some signs of erosive arthrosis

A
  1. Subchondral bone lysis
  2. Signs of osteoarthrosis
  3. Decreased joint space
  4. Luxation/subluxation
  5. Fragmentation of adjacent bone
26
Q

what are some signs of non-erosive joint

A
  1. Normal
  2. Increased synovial mass
  3. Altered size of joint space- must be weight bearing
  4. Altered subchondral bone opacity
  5. New bone formation
  6. Calcified bones
27
Q

is this erosive or non-erosive and what is wrong

A

Erosive- subchondral bone lysis, luxation of coffin joint and navicular bone

28
Q

is this erosive or non-erosive and what is wrong

A

Non-erosive
Hip dysplasia-subluxation
But no bone reaction or lysis

29
Q

what is circled/arrows

A

osteophytes

30
Q

what is an osteophyte

A

bone proliferation at periphery of bone near joint capsule to stabilize joint

31
Q

what is circled

A

Enthesiophyte

32
Q

what is an enthesiophyte

A

bone proliferation not inside joint

33
Q

an osteophyte indicates irreversible damage to __

A

articular cartilage

34
Q

where is an osteophyte located

A

periarticualr margin

35
Q

what is purpose of osteophyte

A

stabilize joint

36
Q

which has better prognosis: osteophyte or enthesiophyte

A

enthesiophyte

37
Q

where does the enthesiophyte reside

A

outside the joint capsule

38
Q

where are calcified bodies located

A

articular, periarticular, and juxta-articular

39
Q

what is circled

A

Calcified body

40
Q

what are some causes of articular calcified bodies

A
  1. OCD
  2. Un-united anconeal process
  3. Fragmented medial coronoid process
  4. Osteoarthrosis
  5. Articular fracture
  6. Meniscal calcification
  7. Secondary center of ossification
  8. Synovial osteochondromatosis (cats)
41
Q

what is circled and what is it an example of

A

Un-united anconeal process- articular calcified body

42
Q

what are some examples of periarticular calcified bodies

A
  1. Avulsion fracture
  2. Normal or pathological sesamoid bone
  3. Calcifying tendonopathy
43
Q

what this an example of

A

periarticular calcified body

44
Q

what are some examples of juxta-articular calcified bodies

A
  1. Clavicle
  2. Tumoral calcinosis
  3. Myositis ossificans
  4. Dystrophic mineralization
45
Q

what is circled and what example of

A

soft tissue mass that mineralized

Juxta-articular calcified body

46
Q

articular or non-articular

A

Articular

47
Q

articular or non-articular. And what wrong

A

Both
Top circle- osteophyte articular mineralization
Bottom circle- aggressive bone lesion

Diagnostic Imaging (11 decks)

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