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ZOO 241 > Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Why do transporters exist?

A
  • To transport objects that cannot be transported themselves across the cell membrane.
  • To facilitate the movement of molecules across the concentration gradient.
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2
Q

What kind of modulation is for phosphodiesterase?

A

It is an allosterically modulated enzyme.

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3
Q

What is phosphofructikinase key in the regulation of?

A

Glycolysis.

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4
Q

What role does Citrate play in the regulation of phosphofructikinase?

A

It decreases the catalytic activity

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5
Q

What role does AMP play in the regulation of phosphofructikinase?

A

It potently increases the catalytic activity.

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6
Q

What ARE citrate and AMP?

A

Allosteric inhibitors

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7
Q

Who loves frog

A

Duck……did :(

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8
Q

What is protein kinase often associated with?

A

Amplifying effects

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9
Q

What is the difference between Alpha glucose and Beta Glucose.

A

We can digest apha glusoce but not beta glucose.

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10
Q

Why can’t we digest Glucose beta?

A

Its plant shit.

cell walls and crap

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11
Q

What does the ubiquitin-proteasome system do?

A

Tags proteins and destroys them.

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12
Q

What is the difference between bio-luminescence and biofloresnece?

A

Bio-luminescence generates its own light, florescence reflects revived light.

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13
Q

What are the four types of receptor proteins involved in cell signaling?

A
  • Ligand gated channel
  • G protien-coupled receptor
  • Enzyme linked receptor
  • intracellular receptor
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14
Q

What is a ligand gated channel?

A

A channel that is activate by the incorporation of a ligand within the extra-cellular fluid

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15
Q

What is a G Protien coupled receptor?

A

A receptor that involves the following steps:

  • a liagnd activates a G-protein coupled receptor
  • That receptor sends a message to the G-protein.
  • The G-protein then sends a message to Enzyme AC
  • Enzyme AC then converts ATP into cyclic AMP
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16
Q

Are GPCR’s Important?

A

Yes, they are basically critical to everything alive.

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17
Q

How fast is the GPCR reaction?

A

Lightning Fast

18
Q

why bother with GPCR?

A

Because it can regulated

19
Q

Why does your body invest in multi-step pathways?

A

So that it can better regulate the pathways involved.

20
Q

What is a enzyme linked receptor?

A

A receptor that when a lingand (first messenger) makes contact with it binds with GTP and makes Cyclic GMP (second messenger)

ie it actives a enzyme driven pathway.

21
Q

What is a intracellular receptor?

A

A lipophilic signaling molecule (a steroid) passes through the cell membrane and makes contact with a intracelluler receptor.

22
Q

What is the most common intracellular receptor?

A

Intracellular receptor within the nucleus, connects with a nuclear messenger.

Once the messenger is revived DNA begins replication.

23
Q

What is alpha- Conotoxin?

A

A toxin that binds to actolcoline receptors (ie muscle receptors)

24
Q

What does MOA mean?

A

Mechanism of Action

25
Q

Is alpha-Conotoxin hypophilic?

A

yes it is

26
Q

What is unique about hummingbirds glucose receptors?

A

They have a FUCK TON of them, because they basically live off of sugar water.

27
Q

What ions dominate ECF?

A

Na+

28
Q

What ions dominate ICF?

A

K+
Anionic protens
With some Cl- and Na+

29
Q

What direction does water want to move?

Towards or away from higher concentrations?

A

Towards higher concentration.

In order to maintain equilibrium.

30
Q

Will charges move towards equilibrium as well?

A

Yes,

as opposite charges attract.

31
Q

True/false:

Solutes will also move towards equilibrium.

A

True.

32
Q

True or false:

Cells are usually positive in respect to their environment.

A

False:

Cells are negatively charged internally.

33
Q

Why does Potassium want to move into cells?

A

Because it is down its concentration gradient.

34
Q

What is the boundary layer?

A

The area around a cell that is high in concentration of ionic particles that maintains a positive charge around the cell.

35
Q

Where does organization of charged ions occur around the cell?

A

Only at the membrane.

36
Q

What happens when you place a cell within a hyoptonic solution?

A

Water will move into the cell

The solution will move out of the cell.

37
Q

What is the purpose of fishes gills?

A

To take ions out of the water and put them back into the fish.

38
Q

What does it mean when a Fish is Catadromous?

A

When a fish lives in freshwater, and migreates to salt water to spawn.

eels

39
Q

What does it mean when a Anadromous mean?

A

Lives in saltwater, and migrates to freshwater to spawn.

Salmon

40
Q

Ion transport functions of ________ must change when a fish travels between salt and fresh water.

A

Epithelia.

It is controlled by hormones.

ZOO 241 (17 decks)

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