Lecture 1 Flashcards
What did early life evolve within? and is it still with us?
Early life evolved within salt water, thus life today is basically diluted salt water.
What is the dilution level of Salt water within humans? (roughly)
it is 1/3 strength when compared to ocean salinity levels
What is Homeostasis?
the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
What is the cornerstone of life on this plant?
Water
What are some of waters Unique properties?
- frozen water is less dense then liquid water.
- Ties all life on earth together
- is a great heat sink
- It is viscous
- It is the universal solvent
What is wet deposition?
When water falls onto you.
What type of water storage is the ocean?
Long term water storage
What type of water storage is the atmosphere?
Short term.
What happens when you remove heat from water?
You increase its structural order and form ice.
It becomes less dense.
What happens when you add heat to water?
You decrease the structural order of the water and make water vapor.
it becomes far less dense
True or false:
At a large range of temperatures, water will have a surface tension with respect to above air.
True
What is a attrubte of surface tension that makes falling into water from high places lethal?
Water resists pressure,
The harder you hit it, the harder it hits back.
How does the J.C lizard run on water?
- It increases the surface by having large feet.
- makes rapid, hard strikes at the water (resits pressure)
- The H bonds in the water create surface tension for this to happen.
True or false:
Water has a low “latent heat of vaporization”
False:
it has a high latent heat of vaporization (enthalpy required to turn liquid to gas)
water and all its bonds are great heat sinks
Can you compress water into a smaller volume?
No, when this is done all you do is increase the pressure as density and volume cannot be altered. (kinda)
True or false: water is viscous.
True
What is bulk flow?
The moment of water or fluids from one place to another.
True or false:
water can dissolve ions, and contains a high concentration of ions (fresh and salt water)
True
True or false:
Adding salt to water will increase its fluid mass, but not its volume.
true:
Due to the ordering of water molicules around the ions within NaCl
What makes TTX so deadly, and what does it do?
IT effectively paralyzes your musles in your body, leading to heart failure.
It blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels
Is water polar or non-polar?
Polar
What is hydrophobicity?
When a compound is Non-polar and is repelled away from water.
Can gas be dissolved in water?
Yes
What is a gas that is produced from the dissolution of CO2 into water?
Bicarbonate
We are bags of salt water, diluted to what level?
1/3 that of sea water.
What adaptations must an animal have to live in salt water vs fresh water? why?
Salt water fish must live in an involvement with higher ion concentration, thus must be able to regulate ions at a greater rate than that of a fish water fish.
What are the two was to measure the stuff in water?
By their individual amounts: Molarity (M)
Or by group amount: Osmolarity (Osm)
What is the common principle of water movement?
Things will always move to even themselves out
Fresh water will move to equalize with the salt water
What dictates the movement of water?
Osmolarity
