Lecture 5: nucleic acids Flashcards
1
Q
two main classes of nucleotides?
A
oligonucleotides and polynucleotides
2
Q
RNA
A
- ribose
- adenine, cytosine, guanine, & URACIL
- single strand
3
Q
DNA
A
- deoxyribose
- adenine, cytosine, guanine, THYMINE
- double strand (double helix)
4
Q
phosphodiester bond
A
form nucleotides; only at the exposed hydroxyl group at the 3’ Carbon to the phosphate group of the next nucleotide
5
Q
why do T & A only share two hydrogen bonds?
A
the C-H bond in adenine is nonpolar
6
Q
how is DNA read?
A
5’ to 3’ direction
7
Q
Structure of DNA
A
- Storage of genetic information in unique sequences of nucleotides
- complementarity of base pairs allows for precise replication
- DNA strands serve as templates for RNAs
8
Q
DNA replication
A
complementary sequences of strands are used for RNA sequences
9
Q
Transcription
A
DNA base sequences serve as templates for RNA sequences
