Lecture 14: Intro to Photosynthesis Flashcards
Energy
-flows through living systems by a series of energy transformations
matter
-in the form of molecules, cycles through living systems
energy from sunlight
transformed to chemical bond energy in the chloroplast
2 processes of energy from sunlight
- conversion of light energy (photon) to proton gradient -> ATP
- ATP and H used to make glucose
photosynthesis equation
energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 +6O2
- CO2 is reduced to glucose
- H2O is oxidized to O2
what best explains the increase in weight of the tree?
plants take in CO2 through their leaves
Photosynthesis explained
- light energy is converted to chemical bond energy of glucose
- splitting of water is source of O2
- plants take in water through their roots
- glucose produced to power cellular respirations
Stomata
small openings in the leaf that allow for the diffusion of O2, CO2, H2O vapor
Chloroplast
-site of photosynthesis
thylakoid membrane
site of ETC and ATP synthase
stroma
site of proteins that reduce CO2 to C6H12O6
thylakoid space (lumen)
is surrounded by the thylakoid membrane which is surrounded by the stroll space
matter equation of photosynthesis
6 CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
two stage flow of energy in photosynthesis
Stage 1: light reactions: splitting water and chemiosmosis
- Radient energy ->
- chemical bonds of ATP, NADPH
Stage 2: carbon fixation and reduction reactions
- chemical bonds of ATP, NADPH ->
- chemical bonds of glucose
what kind of reaction is glucose production?
exergonic reaction
photosynthesis in words
- phosphorylation of ATP
- oxidation of H2O
- reduction of NADP+ to NADPH
- oxidation of NADPH
- reduction of CO2 to glucose
phosphorylation
couples the energy of photons to the phosphorylation of ATP
Solar radiation from the sun
-form of electromagnetic energy
visible spectrum: 400-700 nm
visible light
- in plants, visible light can be reflected, transmitted or absorbed by a molecule
- reflected visible light appears as a color to our eyes
- absorbed visible light powers photosynthesis
pigment
a molecule that absorbs photons in the visible spectrum
main pigments found in photosynthesis
- chlorophyll a
- carotenoids
- chlorophyll b
which of the following is an example of the transmission of visible light
light shining through a window
