Lecture 16: DNA structure and Function Flashcards
1
Q
DNA structure
A
DNA is made up of two unique yet complimentary sequences of nucleotides
2
Q
DNA function
A
- some nucleotides are copied into RNA
- some RNAs code for proteins
3
Q
Chargoff’s ratio states that in a molecule of DNA
A
the percentage of adenine + gunning equals that of thymine + guanine
4
Q
Nucleotide structure
A
- phosphate group
- sugar (pentose)
- nitrogenous bases
5
Q
DNA
A
directional and complementary sequences of nucleotides
6
Q
structure of DNA directly related to function
A
- storage of genetic information in sequences of nucleotides
- precise replication of itself
- susceptible to mutations: changes in the sequence of bases
- template of synthesis of RNAs
7
Q
chromatin
A
- template for synthesis of RNA and DNA
- loosely coiled DNA that can perform RNA transcription and DNA replication
- found as nucleosomes in Eukaryotes (DNA and histones packets)
8
Q
chromosomes
A
- hereditary molecule that can be equally distributed between cells
- product of DNA replication of chromatin followed by supercoiling
- consist of two identical DNA molecules called chromatin
9
Q
in a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around
A
histone proteins
10
Q
transcription
A
synthesis of ALL RNA from DNA template in nucleus