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KIN 209 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most important responsibility of researchers?

A

engaging in ethical research

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2
Q

Ethics policies for research involving humans are focused on…

A

respecting the rights of study participants and protecting them from harm

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3
Q

Ethics =

A

respect

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4
Q

Ethics does not =

A

rules

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5
Q

What is the TCPS 2?

A

ethical conduct for research involving humans

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6
Q

TCPS 2 is informed by 3 core principles that convey the value of human dignity:

A
  • respect for persons
  • concern for welfare
  • justice
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7
Q

Define research according to the TCPS 2.

A

an undertaking intended to extend knowledge through a disciplined inquiry or systematic investigation

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8
Q

Respect for persons recognizes the _____ of human beings and the ____ and _____ that they are due.

A
  • intrinsic value
  • respect
  • consideration
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9
Q

Respect for persons includes:

A
  • people

- data/biological materials

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10
Q

Respect involves…

A

considering participant autonomy in research design

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11
Q

Consent is…

A
  • voluntary
  • informed
  • ongoing
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12
Q

The welfare of a person is the ____ of that person’s _____.

A
  • quality

- experience of life in all its aspects

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13
Q

Concern for welfare means you must attempt to ensure that….

A

participants are not exposed to unnecessary risks

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14
Q

In order to maximize benefits in concern for welfare, the REB must…

A

weigh the potential risk against the benefits to study participants

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15
Q

Justice refers to the obligation to treat people _____ and _____.

A
  • fairly

- equitably

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16
Q

Fairness:

A
  • treating all people with respect and concern for their welfare
  • not necessarily treating everyone the same
17
Q

Equity:

A

no individuals or groups should be neglected or discriminated against in the opportunity to benefit from knowledge generated by research

18
Q

When might a conflict of interest occur?

A

when the study places researchers (or their respective universities) in a conflict with their duties related to research, personal, or institutional interests

19
Q

Name the various people that had interests in Nancy Olivieri’s research.

A
  • Dr. Olivieri
  • REB
  • pharmaceutical company
  • participants
  • university
  • Hospital for Sick Children
  • general public
20
Q

Consent should be:

A
  • voluntary
  • withdrawn at any time
  • can also request withdrawal of their data or human biological materials
21
Q

Researchers must ensure participants’ _____, _____, and ______ consent throughout the research process.

A
  • free
  • informed
  • ongoing
22
Q

All research must be reviewed by ____ before the research starts.

A

REB

23
Q

REB stands for:

A

Research Ethics Board

24
Q

What happened with the ear experiments done on kids at a Kenora residential school?

A
  • testing drugs on kids

- some kids went deaf

25
Q

Chapter 9 in the TCPS 2 is focused on …

A

engaging in research with Indigenous peoples

26
Q

OCAP:

A
  • ownership
  • control
  • access
  • possession
27
Q

5 types of scientific misconduct:

A
  • plagiarism
  • falsification and fabrication
  • faulty data-gathering procedures
  • poor data storage and retention
  • misleading authorship
28
Q

CCAC:

A

Canadian Council on Animal Care

29
Q

CCAC has developed nationally and internationally recognized policy statements for…

A

the experimental care and use of animals in research

30
Q

The 3 Rs tenet:

A
  • replace
  • reduce
  • refine
31
Q

What is the suggested 4th R?

A

responsibility

32
Q

When don’t we need ethics for engaging in research with animals?

A
  • dead animal in the wild
  • observation only in natural environment
  • including and below the class of cephalopoda (worms, clams, starfish)

KIN 209 (21 decks)

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