Lecture 13

Question 1

Interviews are often thought to be synonymous with ______ _____.

Answer 1

qualitative research

Question 2

Interviews are a _____ (and _____) way of understanding _____ _____.

Answer 2

• powerful
• common
• human experience

Question 3

Interviews enables researchers to understand ….

Answer 3

• participant’s views

- the meanings they attach to their daily lives

Question 4

Challenges with interviews:

Answer 4

• co-operation is essential
• interviewees may be unwilling or unable to share all the interviewer wishes to explore
• interviewees may have good reasons not to be truthful at times (ex. cause harm to someone)
• interviewer may not understand local language uses or customs (ex. slang, interviewing across cultures, tones)

Question 5

2 types of interviews:

Answer 5

• one-on-one interviews

- group interviews

Question 6

Group interviews are aka:

Answer 6

• focus groups
• sharing circles
• talking circles

Question 7

Group interviews typically have ____ participants.

Answer 7

6-10

Question 8

Group interviews can be _____ _____ and _____.

Answer 8

• information-rich

- dynamic

Question 9

Group interviews may be grouped based on factors of …

Answer 9

• importance to study
• age
• gender
• ethnicity etc.

Question 10

3 structures of qualitative interviews:

Answer 10

• structured
• semi-structured
• unstructured (ie. conversational) (narrative study design)

Question 11

Structured interviews have a specific _____ and ____ or questions (no ______).

Answer 11

• set
• order
• flexibility

Question 12

In structured interviews, responses often recorded onto a _____ _____.

Answer 12

coding scheme

Question 13

In structured interviews, interviewers play a _____ role.

Answer 13

neutral

Question 14

Structured interviews have _____ _____ and _____ _____.

Answer 14

• balance rapport

- interested listening

Question 15

In semi-structured interviews, interview guide/protocol has room to discuss topics ____ _____ on the interview guide.

Answer 15

not included

Question 16

Semi-structured interviews are not intended to _____ every interview.

Answer 16

standardize

Question 17

Semi-structured interviews have more flexibility than the ______ interview.

Answer 17

structured

Question 18

In semi-structured interviews, you can follow any …

Answer 18

interesting avenues that emerge during the conversation

Question 19

Unstructured interviews are ______ with a _____.

Answer 19

conversation with a purpose

Question 20

Unstructured interviews have _____ interview guide, just a …

Answer 20

• no

- guiding topic for conversational discusion

Question 21

Unstructured interviews are common in….

Answer 21

narrative research

Question 22

3 components of the interview process:

Answer 22

1. intro
2. questioning
3. closing

Question 23

Intro (interview process):

Answer 23

intro to researcher, topic, ethical procedures

Question 24

Questioning (interview process):

Answer 24

either structured, unstructured, or semi-structured

Question 25

Closing (interview process):

Answer 25

- focused on regulating emotions (end on positive) - participants to share final thoughts - outline of next steps

Question 26

Interview protocol is used for _____ ____ and ____ ____.

Answer 26

- asking questions | - recording answers

Question 27

Probe =

Answer 27

little more info

Question 28

In developing interview questions, _____-_____ questions are important.

Answer 28

open-ended

Question 29

Interview questions need to be/have:

Answer 29

- open-ended - exploratory verbs: who, what, where, when, why - non-directional - single focus (avoid "and" questions)

Question 30

Non-directional questions mean...

Answer 30

not too leading, suggesting positive/negative

Question 31

Single focus questions mean...

Answer 31

- not double barrelled | - don't ask more than 1 thing

Question 32

In developing interview questions, _____ and _____ _____ questions are important.

Answer 32

- probe | - follow up

Question 33

General suggestions for starting questions:

Answer 33

- tell me about... - describe... - how do... - what were...

Question 34

Open-ended questions does not ....

Answer 34

presuppose which dimension of feeling or thought will be salient for the interviewee

Question 35

Give examples of open-ended questions.

Answer 35

- how do you feel about... - what is your opinion of... - what do you think of...

Question 36

In Rubin and Rubin's guidelines for conducting a qualitative interview, what are the 3 types of questions?

Answer 36

- main guiding questions - probe questions - follow-up questions

Question 37

In Rubin and Rubin's guidelines for conducting a qualitative interview, what is the main guiding question like?

Answer 37

what motivates you to...

Question 38

In Rubin and Rubin's guidelines for conducting a qualitative interview, what are the probe questions like?

Answer 38

share a specific example of ...

Question 39

In Rubin and Rubin's guidelines for conducting a qualitative interview, what are the follow-up questions like?

Answer 39

so, am I right in saying that...

Question 40

5 types of questions:

Answer 40

- feeling questions - knowledge questions - sensory questions - demographic questions - time frame questions

Question 41

Example of knowledge question:

Answer 41

tell me about your understanding of....

Question 42

Example of sensory question:

Answer 42

what did you see/hear....

Question 43

Example of time frame question:

Answer 43

how long have you...

Question 44

Guidelines for interviewing: set the ______ of a ____/______ discussion.

Answer 44

- tone | - kind/interested

Question 45

Guidelines for interviewing: break the ice with more _____ questions and gradually get more _____.

Answer 45

- general | - specific

Question 46

Guidelines for interviewing: ask questions intended to _____ earlier statements.

Answer 46

confirm

Question 47

Guidelines for interviewing: avoid ______ _____ by the respondent.

Answer 47

getting trapped

Question 48

Guidelines for interviewing: understand the _____ of the respondent.

Answer 48

language

Question 49

Guidelines for interviewing: guide the conversation around the ______ ______.

Answer 49

research questions

Question 50

Guidelines for interviewing: frame questions in an ______ way.

Answer 50

understandabble

Question 51

Guidelines for interviewing: gently probe for ______.

Answer 51

elaboration

Question 52

Guidelines for interviewing: maintain an interest in ______ _____ that the person actually ______.

Answer 52

- concrete examples | - experienced

Question 53

Techniques used by the interviewer vary depending on...

Answer 53

the group being interviewed (eg. children)

Question 54

Skills/techniques of the interviewer:

Answer 54

- seek to understand concerns and outlooks - be sensitive to the moods and responses of the respondent - superb listening skills

Question 55

How to record interviews:

Answer 55

- handwritten notes - video recording - audio recording (verbatim transcription) - usually use multiple approaches

Question 56

Typical approach to record interviews:

Answer 56

audio + handwritten

Question 57

Do not _____ all the data before you begin _____.

Answer 57

- generate | - analysis

Question 58

______ (_____) and _______ go hand in hand.

Answer 58

- collection (generation) | - analysis

Question 59

Analysis begins....

Answer 59

- as soon as the first data is collected - still fresh in mind - might want to alter questions (emergent feature of qualitative research)