Chapter 9 Flashcards
5 qualitative evaluation approaches:
- trustworthiness
- methodological coherence
- consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research
- relativistic approach to characterizing traints
- ethics
Trustworthiness:
convincing an audience that study findings are worth paying attention to
Methodological coherence:
having all components of a research design align with one another
Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research:
using a checklist to consider what is good research
Relativistic approach to characterizing traits:
identifying study characteristics that suggest high-quality research, depending on the context
Ethics:
being an ethically minded researcher
Trustworthiness is used synonymously with _____ and _____.
- rigour
- validation
An ______ _____ can help researchers plan a coherent study.
armchair walkthrough
Checklists include criteria about:
- research team
- study design
- analysis
- findings
Study quality is _____-dependent (ie. specific to the _____, _____, and ______).
- context-dependent
- time
- occasion
- purpose
All research designs should have ______ as a foundation.
ethics
4 aspects of trustworthiness:
- truth value
- applicability
- consistency
- neutrality
Truth value:
- credibility
- how true are the findings for the study participants?
- the extent to which the results and interpretations are reflective of the participants’ meanings and experiences
Researchers conducting qualitative research should work to establish ______ in the _____ of findings for their participants.
confidence in the truth
Applicability aka…
transferability
Applicability:
extent to which the findings of a particular study may be applied to other contexts or with other participants
Applicability is different from ____ ____.
external validity
In qualitative studies, researchers should not attempt to ______ study findings to all contexts. Rather, the focus is on forming ______ that may be relevant from one context to the next depending on _____ between the contexts.
- generalize
- understandings
- similarity
Consistency:
- dependability of a study
- ## would similar findings emerge if a study were replicated in similar circumstances?
One of the defining features of the constructivist philosophical worldview is that….
multiple realities exist
The assumption of multiple realities implies that participants _____, ______, and _____ are varied, and even any one participant’s meaning can evolve.
- insights
- meanings
- perspectives
Researchers conducting qualitative studies should seek to understand the ______ of study findings or _____ ____ that stem from the multiple realities assumption.
- variability
- unique experiences
Neutrality:
the degree to which the findings of a study are based on the participants’ meanings and experiences, and not merely a function of researchers’ biases, motivations, interests, and perspectives
9 common strategies to enhance trustworthiness, rigour and validation:
- audit trail
- member check
- peer debrief
- present negative or discrepant information
- prolonged engagement
- researcher reflexivity
- rich, thick descriptions
- triangulation
Audit trail:
transparent description of research process
Member check:
participants review data and findings
Peer debrief:
another researcher fosters critical reflection of study findings
Present negative or discrepant information:
highlight opposing perspectives and experiences
Prolonged engagement:
a long time spent in the field among/with participants
Purposeful sampling:
participants intentionally selected based on specific criteria
Researcher reflexivity:
researcher reflects on the ways that her or his own biases, values, experiences, and background can inform the study
Rich, thick descriptions:
thorough, meaningful summary of generated data to represent uniqueness and complexity
Triangulation:
bringing together of a variety of data sources, perspectives, and methods
2 parts of reflexivity:
- reflecting on one’s experiences with the phenomenon/sample being explored
- considering how one’s experiences shape the research process
Armchair walkthrough includes reflecting on all aspects of qualitative study including:
- types of questions that will be asked
- kinds of data that are needed to inform the question
- how the specific data can be collected
- consider alternative approaches
COREQ stands for…
consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research
COREQ is divided into 3 categories or domains with corresponding areas of focus:
- research team and reflexivity
- study design
- analysis and findings
Research team and reflexivity includes:
- personal characteristics of the researchers
- researchers’ relationship with participants
Study design includes:
- theoretical framework
- participant selection
- research setting
- data generation
Analysis and findings include:
- data analysis
- reporting of research
The COREQ can be used as a guide to inform researchers of…
- some important aspects to consider including
- a way for the research audience to evaluate the merits of a qualitative study
COREQ was initially developed specifically for the evaluation of qualitative studies that included _____ and _____ _____ as the main method of data generation.
- interviews
- focus groups
COREQ domains and corresponding criteria are somewhat a reflection of the principle of ______ _____.
methodological coherence
Characterizing traits:
criteria that may loosely allude to the quality of research, but are not necessarily indicative of strong research
Characterizing traits are ____ and ______ among research studies.
- fluid
- dynamic
Characterizing traits should be identified ….
throughout the entire research process
Ethics is an ongoing process in research, and researchers need to ensure that they….
- have respect for persons
- demonstrate concern for the quality of their experiences
- treat people fairly and equitably
Researchers need to continuously address tensions between….
the goals of their research and the rights of the participants
Engaging in ethically questionable ways is sure to result in….
weak research
____ ____ can be a great approach to check with their study participants and ensure the data they have shared is what they intended.
member checking
One way for researchers to be ethical is to….
infuse basic ethical principles into their research
Respect for autonomy example:
obtaining informed consent from participants
Justice example:
ensuring participants have a say in the themes that emerge from the data
Nonmaleficence example:
deciding to end data generation because the topics in an interview are too painful and difficult for a participant to discuss
