Lecture 3.A Flashcards
What are the 4 macromolecules?
Nucleic acids: DNA (& RNA)
Proteins: made up of amino acids
Carbohydrates: ex glucose
Lipids: fats, phospholipids, cholesterol
what do Organic molecules have in common
Have a carbon backbone
Can be hydrophobic vs hydrophilic
Include monomers & polymers
which macromolecules are used to supply energy and build structures
carbs, protein & fats
Major atoms in organic macromolecules?
Lipids: mostly C, H (small amount of O)
Carbohydrates: C, H, O
Proteins: C, H, O, N (some S)
Nucleic acids: C, H, O, P, N
how do Nutrients from food get into cells of organism
Macromolecules (carbs, lipids, proteins, & nucleic acids) in the food you eat get digested into monomers
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Monomers taken into cells, which assemble the monomers into macromolecules, as needed by each cell
what is the structure of macromolecules
Most macromolecules are LARGE molecules made up of smaller units called monomers.
held together by bonds.
what are Polymers?
3 or more monomers (similar or identical) bonded together. Except for lipids, macromolecules are formed by combining monomers.
what are proteins made of (polymer)
amino acids (monomers)
how many diff amino acids do we have
20, aa are not protein
what is the Nucleic acid (dna rna) made up of?
Nucleotides
how many types of nucleotides do we have
5 different types of nucleotides
Nucleotides are NOT nucleic acids
are lipids made up of repeating monomers
no, lipids are Not made up of repeating monomers
monosaccharides are…
carbohydrates, aka simple sugars
what is a dehydration reaction
one that synthesizes—or joins—two molecules together, resulting in a loss of water
what is a hydrolysis
reaction in which water is used to break down a compound
