LECTURE 3- the vertebral column Flashcards
how many intervertebral disk do we have
23
how many vertebrae do we have
33
what is the “roof” to protect the SC
the lamina
what connects with the vertebra above and below
articulate process
what does the articulate processes resists
shear, compression, tensile and torsional forces
what is spondylolysis
where there is a fx to the pars interaticularis
what is spondyloloisthesis
when there is a fx and separation of the pars interarticularis
where is spondylosis and spondylolisthesis most common
L5-S1
what is the nucleus pulposus made up of
80% water
what is the annulus fibrosus made up of
60% water
what is the degrees of cervical , thoracic , and lumbar facet joints
C- 45
T- 60
L- 90
what does the anterior longitudinal ligament resist
extension
where does the anterior longitudinal ligament run
anterior surface of vertebra bodies from C2- sacrum
what do the fibers of the ALL blend with
annulus fibrosus
where is the ALL the thickest
lordotic regions
what does the anterior atlantooccipital and atlantoaxial membranes resist
extension
what does the posterior longitudinal ligament resist
flexion
where does the PLL run
posterior surface of vertebra bodies from C2- sacrum
what does the ligamentum flavum resist
flexion
where does the ligamentum flavum run
posterior surface of the SC
which ligament is in constant tension even in neutral
ligamentum flavum
what does the interspinous ligament resist
flexion
what does the interspinous ligament connect
SP to adjacent vertebra
what does the supraspinous ligament resist
flexion