Cardiac Checkout Flashcards
pulse grades
0: absent
1+: faint
2+: slightly diminished
3+: normal
4+: bounding
what tests can be done to assess venous function?
venous insufficiency
DVT w/ BP cuff
signs/symptoms of venous insufficiency
varicose veins, edema, bluish/purplish/brown discoloration
signs/symptoms of DVT
swelling, inflammation, redness/ashy
what is the normal vein refill time?
15-20 seconds
*if <15, vascular pathology
For the Lowenberg calf test, what is indicative of a DVT
calf pain with <40 mmHg
signs/symptoms of arterial insufficiency
dry skin, hairless, cool to touch, weak pulses
arterial insufficiency tests
capillary refill
Buerger’s Test
what arterial refill time is indicative of arterial insufficiency with the Buerger’s test?
> 1-2 minutes
what capillary refill time is potentially indicative of arterial insufficiency
> 2 seconds
what is the difference between the venous insufficiency test and the Buerger’s test?
venous insufficiency: 60 degrees ankle pumps 1-2 mins
- look at dorsal veins
Buerger’s: ONE LEG AT A TIME 45 degrees no pumping 3 mins
- look at soles of feet
if the soles of the feet are pale during the 3 mins of leg elevation, what does that indicate?
ischemia: peripheral arterial pressure is inadequate to overcome the effects of gravity
the poorer the arterial supply, the ______ the angle to which the legs have to be raised for them to become pale.
less
what is the difference in venous insufficiency and arterial insufficiency when the legs go from elevated to EOB?
if venous insufficiency: blood will rush to the feet since the valves are not working
if arterial insufficiency: blood will return to feet slower
normal BP
120/80
pre-hypertensive BP
120-139/80-89
stage 1 hypertension BP
140-159/90-99
stage 2 hypertension BP
> 160/>100
location of aortic valve
R 2nd intercostal space
location of pulmonic valve
L 2nd intercostal space
location of tricuspid valve
L 4th intercostal space
location of mitral valve
L 5th intercostal space
S1 sound
closure of mitral +tricuspid valves (higher frequency)
S2 sound
closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (lower frequency)
